Colony-stimulating factor

Colony stimulating factors (English colony stimulating factors CSF) are a group of growth factors and are among the cytokines .. They cause proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells, in addition, some CSF are also able to increase the activity of differentiated hematopoietic cells. They belong to the most important regulator of the immune system substances.

Properties

CSF in the narrow sense:

  • G- CSF (granulocyte )
  • M -CSF ( macrophage or monocyte )
  • GM- CSF (granulocyte and macrophage )
  • Meg -CSF ( megakaryocytes, as PGF - platelet growth factor - or thrombopoietin indicated )
  • S -CSF (stem cells, also known as SCF - stem cell factor - in literature)

In addition, include a number of other cytokines functionally to this group:

  • IL- 2 functions in an analogous manner to T cells
  • IL- 3 acts as panspezifisches hematopoietin, sometimes referred to as multi -CSF
  • IL-5
  • IL-7
  • IL-11
  • Erythropoietin

However, some of the literature cited here is one different from the scheme, only G -CSF, M - CSF, GM -CSF and IL-3 to the actual CSF.

CSF can be formed by a number of different cell types: bone marrow stromal cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, T and B lymphocytes. Like other growth factors that are produced by autocrine secretion of CSF.

Unlike other membrane-bound substances the hematopoietic system CSF are soluble.

Although functionally closely related to the respective sequences of the CSF are not homologous. Also show the CSFs no sequential homology with other known growth factors or oncogenes. The corresponding membrane receptors are indeed co-expressed, but are different. This suggests that they evolutionarily descended from a common precursor molecule.

Therapeutic use

CSF will be administered today also produced genetically as a drug. In the treatment of chemotherapy and radiation CSF support the regeneration of the hematopoietic system. G -CSF as has a favorable effect on the course of treatment-related neutropenia.

Promegapoietin also a group of synthetic CSF analogs which also stimulate the production of megakaryocytes is concomitantly used in chemotherapy to speed up regeneration of the blood cells. It acts by stimulating pathways of thrombopoietin and interleukin-3 ligand.

Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor Endothelium B cell Receptor (biochemistry) Digital Object Identifier
197574
de