Communist crimes (legal concept)

Communist crimes is a criminal term that is used in the area of ​​the former Soviet bloc by state authorities. He referred to crime and partly offenses committed by officials and officials of communist states.

Communist symbols ( such as the hammer and sickle, red star or the anthem of the Soviet Union) are (since 1994 ), Latvia and Lithuania ( since 2008), Poland ( since 2009), Moldova (since 2012) banned in Hungary as unconstitutional.

" Zbrodnia komunistyczna " in Poland

In the Polish criminal law, a crime is communist (Polish: Zbrodnia komunistyczna ) was performed a suppressive action of an official of a Communist state that between 17 September 1939 ( the beginning of the Soviet occupation of eastern Poland ) and July 31, 1990.

The concept was introduced in 1998 and revised several times in order to facilitate studies and prosecution of communist crimes. The concept is similar to the concept of Nazi crimes. Communist crimes are investigated primarily by the Institute of National Remembrance, which also determined against communist perpetrators. As a " Communist crimes " are also sometimes qualified deeds that are traded under a different perpetrators both convicted of crimes committed as well to Einklagezeitpunkt an offense, eg an irregular dismissal of employees.

On 31 March 2006 were charged with communist crimes against the former Communist Council of State, Wojciech Jaruzelski.

Czechia

In the Czech Republic, the Office for the Documentation and Investigation of the Crimes of Communism against communist perpetrators identified. The Authority was established on 1 January 1995 by decision of the Minister of the Interior.

Hungary

The Hungarian parliament in June 2010 with the majority of the ruling German Young Democrats ( FIDESZ ) passed a law that prohibits the denial of communist crimes. Who " the crimes committed by the Nazi or the communist system genocide or other crimes against humanity denies or casts doubt on their importance diminishes down " can be punished with a prison sentence of up to three years.

GDR

Between 1991 and 2000, the Central Investigation Group for Governmental and Party crime was ( ZERV ) for criminal Reappraisal of the SED and East German past. ZERV was formed as a criminal investigation department at the police headquarters in Berlin on 1 September 1991 and disbanded on 31 December 2000.