Croatian–Hungarian Settlement

The Hungarian- Croatian compensation ( kroat. Croatian - Ugarska nagodba, Horvat Hungarian magyar kiegyezés ) was created in the aftermath of 1867 concluded the Austro-Hungarian compensation in 1868 and governed the autonomy of the Kingdom of Croatia and Slavonia within the Hungarian part of the kuk Empire Dual Monarchy.

Prehistory

This followed the termination of relations with the Kingdom of Hungary by the Croatian Ban Jelacic of Bužim Joseph, who fought on the side of the Austrian emperor against the Hungarian rebels in the revolutionary year 1848. Jelacic had ordered that all Croatian institutions should follow any instructions given by the Hungarian government more. After the revolution in 1849 the Croatian autonomy of parliament was limited again in the following years, closed and Croatia - Slavonia Vienna directly subordinated. The constitutional position of the country within the Habsburg monarchy remained unexplained. Starting with the October Diploma of 1860 followed years of negotiations between the emperor and representatives of Hungary and the Croatian parliament ( Sabor ), over an autonomy Croatia - Slavonia. Most Croatian politicians wanted to prevent re- subordination to Budapest and achieve the recognition of their land as a separate part of the state of the monarchy.

After a visit of Emperor Franz Joseph in Pest in 1865 drew from a clarification of the relationship between Hungary and the Vienna headquarters. The leaders of the old conservative party in Hungary, Count György Majláth and Baron Paul Sennyey, made ​​by order of the Emperor a government and the Hungarian parliament re-opened on December 14. The royal throne speech promised to restore the integrity of the Hungarian crown, which was understood by the Hungarians so that all the lost territories (next to the Banat and Transylvania also Croatia - Slavonia ) should be reconnected to Hungary. The negotiations and the establishment of the common affairs of the whole monarchy had not yet come to a conclusion, as has been provisionally closed because of the war with Prussia the parliament on 26 June 1866.

Austro- Hungarian compensation

In the controversy that erupted after the Peace of Prague in Austria about the redesign of the Empire, the Hungarians a clear, specific position took a led by Ferenc Deák from the outset and sat ultimately successful. In order to prevent dissolution of the monarchy in five kingdoms and the rule of the Slavs, the senior minister of Beust decided with the approval of the German Liberals for dualism, for the division of the Empire into a western half, where the Germans, and an eastern half, where the Magyars should have the excess weight.

In this treaty, Hungary was recognized as an independent state, which was connected to Austria by certain common concerns and initially concluded for ten years a customs and trade alliance with him. Of the recognized sovereign debt and of the common expenses for the Foreign, Army and Navy Hungary took over only 30 percent, but was equal to the delegations of the Austrian half of the page. With all the pomp of earlier centuries was on June 8, 1867 in Budapest, the solemn coronation of the king, and thus the reconciliation of the Magyars was sealed with the dynasty.

Hungarian- Croatian compensation

Because of the Austro- Hungarian balance restored the territorial status quo of 1848, also Croatia - Slavonia had to go back under the roof of St. Stephen's crown. Unlike Transylvania and the Serbs in Banat but the Croats were given the opportunity to negotiate with the Hungarian government over a partial autonomy of their country within the Hungarian state.

The Hungarian- Croatian compensation came on 20 September 1868. The 1868 agreed autonomy, which was interpreted by the Croatian side as a contract between two states, but was rated by the Hungarians as a special treatment of a province, established that Croatia - Slavonia should have a separate regional administrative and judicial organization, the Sabor received in the area of worship - education and legislative powers. Administrative language was Croatian, if this language could also be used in relations with Budapest remained contested between the two sides. In the areas of taxation and military affairs Croatia - Slavonia had no own skills. The standing at the head of the Croatian State Government Ban was not elected by the Sabor, but appointed by the Hungarian government. He was responsible for both the Sabor and the Hungarian Ministry of the Triune Kingdom.

Magyarization

The Nationality Act of November 29, 1868 provided that all residents of Hungary form the unitary and indivisible Hungarian nation, the Hungarian language should be the official language. The Croats resisted the application of this law to their land and the conflicts with Budapest shaped the history of Croatia in the following decades. Since 1879 the increasing Magyarization resulted in the Hungarian part of the empire to considerable tensions that ultimately only with the fall of the Habsburg monarchy and the secession of Croatia from Hungary found its end.