Crown of Scotland
The Crown of Scotland ( English: Crown of Scotland) is part of the Scottish Crown Jewels.
Production
The crown was created in its present form for King James V of Scotland in 1540, and the Kronhaube of velvet and ermine was added. The goldsmith John Mosman used the older, damaged crown of James IV to the production of the new model in 1540. The older version is in the portrait of James IV in 1503 to see the Book of Hours occasion of his marriage with Margaret Tudor produced. It consists of Scottish gold, has four crown handle, surmounted by an orb. It is filled with 22 precious stones and 20 other precious stones and pearls an older crown and weighs 1640 g The circlet is of four lilies and four leaves, which overlooks alternate. In two-dimensional representations of three lilies and two leaves are visible.
Use
The crown was first used in their creation of James V at the coronation of his second wife Mary of Guise in the Abbey of Holyrood, Edinburgh, worn. Subsequently, it was in the children coronations Mary of Scotland in 1543 and her son, James VI. 1567 used.
After the union of the Scottish and the English crown in 1603, when James VI. inherited the English throne and moved the royal court from Edinburgh to London, the crown with the other Honours of Scotland was brought to the meetings of the Scottish Parliament to symbolize the presence of the monarch and the royal assent to legislation.
The crown was for the coronation of Charles I in 1633 and Charles II used in 1651. Since then, no monarch has been crowned with the crown.
During the Civil War followed Oliver Cromwell, who had already destroyed the older English Crown Jewels, the intention to destroy the Scottish Crown Jewels. Therefore, they were buried up to the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 at a secret location.
After the Act of Union of 1707, which merged the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England with the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the Scottish crown was unnecessary and did not play a more ceremonial role in the deliberations of the new Parliament of Great Britain. Therefore, it was locked away with the rest of Honours of Scotland in Edinburgh Castle. There they remained in a box and remained until 1818 lost until a group, including Sir Walter Scott, himself opened the door to find them. Since 1819 she exhibited in Kronraum from which they are removed only at special public events. This was the first time when they were shown in 1822 King George IV at the Palace of Holyroodhouse, during the first visit of a reigning British monarch since 1651.
After the coronation of Elizabeth II on 24 June 1953 in Westminster Abbey, the Crown in a procession from the Palace of Holyroodhouse to the church of St. Giles, Edinburgh, the Queen was carried ahead. There she was presented together with the other Honours of Scotland.
At the opening of the new Scottish Parliament in 1999 and the opening of the new Scottish Parliament building in 2004 the crown was present during the opening sessions. On such occasions, the crown of the monarch by the Duke of Hamilton, directly ahead worn since ancient hereditary carrier of the Scottish Crown in Parliament.
The Scottish crown appears in numerous coats of arms, symbols and logos of Scotland.
- Crown (single piece )
- Edinburgh
- Scottish history