Cycloheptane
Heptamethylene
Colorless liquid
Liquid
0.81 g · cm -3
-8 ° C
119 ° C.
- Very poor in water (50 mg · l-1 at 20 ° C)
- Slightly soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether
1.4436 (20 ° C)
Risk
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Cycloheptane is an organic compound belonging to the group of cyclo- alkanes. The connection can occur in different conformers.
Production and representation
In nature, cycloheptane occurs in crude oil and can be obtained therefrom. A synthesis is carried out by a Clemmensen reduction of Cycloheptanone.
Properties
Physical Properties
Cycloheptane is a colorless liquid with a mild aromatic odor. The boiling point at atmospheric pressure at 119 ° C. The heat of vaporization of 38.5 kJ mol -1. The vapor pressure function is given by Antoine corresponding log10 (P) = A- ( B / ( T C )) ( P in bar, T in K) with A = 3.97710, B = 1330.402 and C = -56.946 in temperature range from 341.3 K to 432.2 K.
In the solid phase cycloheptane occurs in four polymorphic forms. The transformation temperatures for the conversion of Form IV to Form III at -138 ° C of Form III to Form II at -75 ° C, and Form II to Form I at -61 ° C. Form I melts at -8 ° C.
Chemical Properties
Cycloheptane can be thermally rearranged in the presence of aluminum chloride in methylcyclohexane.
Functionalization may be accomplished by chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide.
The compound is flammable and, together with air explosive vapor-air mixtures. The flash point is 6 ° C.
Use
Cycloheptane can be used as non-polar solvent. In organic synthesis, functionalization by the Cycloheptylfunktion into organic molecules such as pharmaceutical agents are introduced.
Health Hazards
An irritant to eyes and respiratory system is mentioned in the literature. The toxic effect is more comparable with the methylcyclohexane, which irritates the mucous membranes poorly. In animal studies resulted in terms of skin irritation only a slight irritant effect. Cycloheptane systemically depressed acts on the central nervous system.