Cymodoceaceae

Cymodocea nodosa

Cymodoceaceae is a plant family in the order of the plantain -like ( Alismatales ) within the monocot plants ( monocots ). They grow in tropical to temperate seas hot around the world, a center of gravity are the seas around Australia. They grow like carpets on sandy to muddy seabed. The species of this family, such as species in different genera and families named in the order of the plantain -like even " seagrass ".

• 3.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

There are perennial, herbaceous plants. They grow under water ( submerged ) and have a creeping, slender rhizome with roots, with which they are anchored to the seabed. The stems are relatively short.

The alternate and distichous or spirally up against almost constantly arranged or standing together at the nodes leaves are sessile. There is a recognizable leaf sheath available. The simple, elongated and usually linealische leaf blade is parallel-veined with flashy main nerve.

Inflorescences and flowers

They are usually dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). Unlike the majority of the plantain -like is the zymösen inflorescences no spathe ( single bract ) available. In some species the flowers are individually.

The relatively small, highly reduced flowers are always unisexual. Bracts are not available. In the stalked male flowers, two, or three are without stamens stamens and sometimes three scales. In the sessile female flowers reduced bloom may be present, which are formed as the free segments or cup-shaped. The two free ( apokarpen ), upper permanent carpels each containing only one hanging ovule. The two pens each terminating in a filiform scar. Pollination is over the water.

Fruit and seeds

The fruits can be designed differently ( nut- shaped), only contain a single seed. The seeds contain no endosperm.

Chromosome numbers

The basic chromosome number is x = 7

System

The Cymodoceaceae family was erected in 1895 by Sydney Howard Vines. Type genus is Cymodocea K.D.Koenig.

The Cymodoceaceae family contains only five genera with about 16 species:

• Amphibolis C.Agardh: With two species on the coasts of Australia.
• Cymodocea KDKoenig ( Syn: Phycoschoenus ( Asch. ) Nakai ): With about four to seven species in total, which occur in the Indo-Pacific region and in West Africa and only one kind in Europe: Cymodocea nodosa ( Ucria ) Asch., Which occurs in the Mediterranean region.

Swell

• The Cymodoceaceae in APWebsite ( section systematics and description) family.
• The Cymodoceaceae at DELTA ( Description section ) family.
• Youhao Guo, Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist: Cymodoceaceae. In: Wu Zheng -yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 23: Acoraceae through Cyperaceae, Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-99-3, pp. 119, online, PDF file (Section Description, systematics and distribution ).
• Robert R. Haynes: Cymodoceaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 22: Magnoliophyta: Alismatidae, Arecidae, Commelinidae ( in part), and Zingiberidae, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2000, ISBN 0-19-513729-9, pp. 86-89 ( limited preview in Google Book Search ). , online ( section Description, systematics and distribution ).
• Henk Beentje: Flora of Tropical East Africa. Volume 205, Cymodoceaceae. AA Balkema, Rotterdam, Brookfield 2002, ISBN 90-5809-403-0, limited preview in Google Book Search USA
• Leslie Watson: Cymodoceaceae. In: Western Australian Herbarium (ed.): Flora Base. The Western Australian Flora. Department of Environment and Conservation 2008, online.
• David John Mabberley: The Plant-Book. A portable dictionary of the higher plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge / New York, 1987, ISBN 0-521-34060-8.