Dandruff

The skin scale (short scale; Latin squama, English epidermal scale) is visible with the naked eye aggregation of corneocytes. Desquamation (Latin Desquamatio; Synonyms exfoliation, ( ex- ) scaling, flaking ) referred to in dermatological importance of the shedding of the uppermost cornified layers of the skin to form dander.

The skin dandruff is one of the lesions in dermatology.

Causes

As part of the constantly occurring, physiologically normal regeneration of human skin corneocytes - individually or in smaller organizations - repelled by the human eye invisible from the stratum corneum. This is known as Desquamatio insensibilis.

If the ordered structure of the epidermis is disturbed, the coordination of the exfoliation is disrupted, and it comes to visible desquamation ( Desquamatio sensibilis ). Only aggregates of 500 or more contiguous cells are visible to the human eye as dander. The coordination disorder can be caused by a specific skin condition such as psoriasis, ichthyosis, or seborrheic dermatitis, or be triggered also by banal inflammatory skin conditions ( eg sunburn ) or minor trauma. Almost all inflammatory skin diseases cause in their course, often only in the course of healing, a visible dandruff. At the cellular level the Desquamatio sensibilis an accelerated cell division in the stratum basale usually goes ahead with subsequently impaired differentiation.

Classification

Skin scales are distinguished according to size and shape. The type of flaking may indicate the underlying disease.

• Feinlamellar
• Mittellamellar
• Groblamellar

• Ichthyosislike ( Schildchenform ): The ichthyosiform desquamation loosen round to square, lentil-sized or larger labels that are stuck in the center, from the outside from. This is characteristic especially in ichthyosis vulgaris.
• Pityriasisform ( Kleieform ): Fine, kleieförmige scales come with pityriasis rosea, pityriasis versicolor or measles in the convalescence stage before. The corresponding scaling is as Desquamatio furfuracea ( synonym: Desquamatio pityriasiformis, Defurfuratio ) refers.
• Psoriasiform (platelet form)
• Leaves form