Decision support system
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Decision support systems are software systems that determine for human decision-makers for operational and strategic tasks relevant information, prepare, put together in a clear and assist in the evaluation.
These include functions for sorting and filtering of data, its flexible representation and analysis options such as Sum, or Average calculations, comparisons, etc. More detailed functions allow the execution of model calculations (scenarios, forecasts), and the linking of the data with optimization algorithms.
Are important
- Flexible adaptation to changing circumstances and changing content and technical issues
- Flexible change of classifications to the relevance of information
- Ease of use by the decision-makers themselves
The interpretation, evaluation and assessment of the information and the decision-making remains the responsibility of man. Task of the system is to clearly present the information and automated draw attention to special features, such as highlight exceedances.
In addition to this task, the analysis of merged data is collecting, updating, and managing ( eg historicizing and deleting) individual information.
Efforts to create such systems are triggered requests for further information since the early beginnings of the computer age made ( from the mid- 1950s ) (General Ledger), as created for operational purposes of data and a progressive development of the computing power. And still arise, driven by new demands and made possible by technical advances, new advanced system components of this Article
The term " decision support system " applies here as an umbrella term for systems with the above characteristics. He also is the German equivalent of decision support systems, or DSS, one specific variant of this type of system, which coined the name of the whole family. And software products are referred to with similar terms, such as " decisioning " that support the evaluation of alternatives in decision-making processes, for example by the scoring method.
Representative
Decision support systems were created depending on the time of development using other, more recent technical architecture principles ( most of which were positioned by their manufacturers with major marketing effort) and also wore their names ( "our MIS "). The best known of these architectures are (in chronological order) hereafter; they can be divided into three categories: data focus, model focus and presentation focus:
General ledger
The GL uses the pure Kontierungsvorgänge of business accounting from (which can only conditionally contribute to decision-making due to its primary external users ) and offers the possibility to enrich this with evaluable information (customer number, plant, material, position, etc.). See General Ledger Accounting.
Management Information System (MIS )
MIS is the only EUS, which is no longer used in its original form, since the handling was very complicated: it was specifically a department deals with technicians, which was responsible for preparing the reports, as accessed at that time file systems just by key are could.
DSS ( Decision Support Systems )
DSS was the first approach that brought the management (but also the landscape management and disaster management ) support, as were deposited in a DSS models and methods to perform simulations ( Monte Carlo simulation, and others).
EIS / FIS ( Executive Information System)
Since the necessary evaluations were done usually in a hierarchical level below the top management and you then manually graphically enhanced for presentation, we developed a system by which the management could have direct access to graphical reports - Executive Information System.
Data Warehouse
The EIS has been accused (rightly ) to work too superficial, as the data layer only play a secondary role forever. The data warehouse is a kind of return to the essentials; the data layer. In a data warehouse is today typically accessed with an OLAP system, or EIS. It can serve as a data base for a decision support system.
OLAP
Online Analytical Processing is the Multidimensional storage and ease of interpretation of data in the format of so-called OLAP cubes.
Business Intelligence
Taking Business Intelligence refers to tools for distributing information within the company in the form of ratios cockpit, reports and analyzes.
Business Performance Management
Business performance management is to expand the business intelligence approach to process-oriented tools for planning, forecasting and simulations.