Diamer-Bhasha Dam
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The Diamer - Basha Dam is a proposed dam on the Indus River in northern Pakistan. The Indus is here, about 315 km upstream of Tarbela Dam, 165 km downstream of Gilgit, the capital city of Gilgit- Baltistan (formerly Northern Areas ), and 40 km downstream of Chilas be accumulated to a large reservoir.
Building
The shut-off will be the highest dam construction from rolled concrete earth with a height of 272 meters. The memory space of the reservoir is about 9 billion cubic meters comprise at an operating space of 7.9 billion cubic meters. Two underground power houses are planned, each on one side of the dam with four turbines of 560 MW and a total installed capacity of about 4.5 GW. The expected electricity production of the hydropower plant is 16,500 GWh per year. The spillway receives fourteen passages with dimensions 11.5 m × 16.24 m.
The construction period is from 2009/2010 to 2016Vorlage: Future / In 2 Jahren/2020Vorlage: Future / In 5 years planned at an estimated cost of $ 12.6 billion (as of November 2008). ( It will be called different year numbers for the start of construction and completion. )
Decision of the project
The President of Pakistan has in his government declaration of 17 January 2006 the government's decision announced to build in Pakistan in the next ten to twelve years, five multi-purpose storage. The Diamer - Basha Dam Project will be realized first. The Executive Committee of the National Economic Council ( Ecnec ) announced on November 11, 2008 launch of the project known. The work began with a ceremony for the groundbreaking ceremony in the presence of the President.
Demand
Pakistan needs for its rapidly growing population ( approximately 170 million in 2009 ), agriculture, and there is too little water storage for irrigation. Thus Pakistan gets no food shortages, it must build memory to increase agricultural production.
The reservoirs of Tarbela, Mangla and Chashma - dams have already lost about 6 billion cubic meters of storage space by sedimentation. It is estimated that by 2012, these losses will grow to 7.4 billion cubic meters, equivalent to almost the original capacity of Mangla and Chashma reservoirs together. Because the stop of all major dam projects after the Tarbela Dam in 1976, the sustainability of irrigated agriculture in Pakistan is in danger.
The current electricity demand is 17 GW by 2010 and is estimated to increase to 22 GW. A major expansion of electricity production is therefore inevitable. Hydropower they should provide at an affordable price available, and Diamer Basha will do this with 4.5 GW his contribution.
Benefit
- There are won annually about 8,000 million cubic meters of surface water for irrigation during dry periods.
- Through the installed hydropower capacity of 4500 MW of clean renewable energy is generated.
- By reducing the dependence on thermal energy, foreign exchange is saved.
- Jobs especially for local residents during construction and operation to be created.
- It is created infrastructure that leads to socio-economic uplift the living standards of people in the area.
Disadvantages
The impoundment of the reservoir will cause 50,000 ancient rock drawings go under and that more valuable archaeological evidence of settlement of the area be destroyed from the Epipalaeolithic and the Neolithic period.