Dionysius Thrax

The grammarians Dionysius of Alexandria, surnamed Thrax ( " Thracian " ) (composed in Greek Διονύσιος ὁ Θρᾷξ Dionysius Thrax ho ) probably lived in the 2nd century BC He wrote the first Greek grammar, by bringing together the findings was that had been made in the Greek world by philosophers and philologists in the previous 400 years on language and grammar.

In his " Τέχνη γραμματική " ( Techne grammatike, " grammatical science" ) the letters and sounds are first treated, then the inflection of the verb and noun and the word formation. The book thus contains a phonology and morphology of Greek.

Thus, for example, includes paragraph 12 of the noun, which is quoted in the translation of Arens ( 1974:23 ): " The noun is a kasusbildender phrase, which is a thing, such as a rock, or an action, eg. called education, and generally, including humans, horses, and more, is, for example, Socrates, used. The noun has five different accompaniments: Gender, type, shape, number, case. ... "With" shape " the distinction between simplex is meant (not derived word) and compound. For "Art " he admits, including the following examples: patronymic, possessive, komparativisch, superlative.

When Dionysius Thrax one finds also the oldest elaborate control system of the metric for verses with a classification and nomenclature of the metrical feet, which prevailed in the poetics today.