Diplotaxis muralis

Wall - double Same ( Diplotaxis muralis )

Called The Wall Double Same ( Diplotaxis muralis ), also arable Doppelrauke or wall mustard, a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae is ( Brassicaceae).

• 2.1 General distribution
• 2.2 Spreading in Germany
• 2.3 for location

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaf

The wall - double seed is a one-to two -year or short-lived perennial herbaceous plant. It is usually 20 to 50 (5 to 60) cm high. He has a thin taproot. The plant is branched at the base and has several, ascending stems. The stem is glabrous or hairy at its base with recurved, simple trichomes.

Grates to the stem, escapes a bad smell of rotten eggs. There are only two crucifer with this property. A close relative of the wall double seed Narrow double seed, therefore, also bears the name Stinkrauke or Stinkkraut.

The leaves are often heaped like a rosette at the base and there may be some alternate on the stem arranged leaves may be present. The basal leaves have a pale green, glabrous or somewhat short hairy leaf blade, which narrows in the stem and is elliptical with a length of 2 to 9 and a width of 1 to 3 cm in outline, spatulate or narrow ovate, while it is usually serrated, indented corrugated, lyre-shaped to pinnatifid with two to six elongated to ovate lateral lobes, which are smaller than the terminal lobe. If stem leaves are present, then they are sitting, not auriculate and smaller than the basal leaves with serrated or smooth blade edge.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering time is were made between May and October in China between the end of April and August. The racemose inflorescences are relatively short and wenigblütig.

The hermaphrodite flowers are cruciform. The four sepals are about 3.5 to 5.5 mm long and have at the top of individual hair or are completely bald. The four yellow petals are usually at a length of 6 to 8 ( 4.5 to 10 ) and a width of 4 to 5 mm obovate with wedge-shaped to short dkrallenähnlicher basis. There are six stamens present at 3.5 to 6 mm long stamens and 1.5 to 2 mm long anthers. In the ovary are 20-36 ovules available. The stylus is penetrated at 1.5 to 3 ( 1 to 3.5 ) mm and a beak-like and ends in a simple scar.

Fruit and seeds

The ascending or spreading, thin, straight, bare fruit stalks are usually 8 to 14 ( 3-30 ) mm long. The Gynophor is 0.2 to 0.5 mm long. The pods are at a length of 25 to 40 ( 15 to 45 ) mm and a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 mm rarely linear, slightly compressed and contain numerous, double row arranged seeds. The seeds are ovate or elliptical, with a length from 0.9 to 1.3 mm and a diameter of 0.6 to 0.9 mm. The fruits ripen in China from April to August.

Chromosome number

The chromosome number is 2n = 42

Occurrence

Popularization

Diplotaxis muralis occurs in West, South, Southeast and Central Europe and in the north-western Africa and Asia Minor. It is a sub-Mediterranean Florenelement. Locality data are available for the following countries: Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, France, including Corsica, Italy including Sardinia and Sicily, Portugal, Spain including Balearic Islands, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Macedonia, Greece, Malta, Ukraine, including Crimea, Georgia, Ciscaucasien, northwestern Turkey, northern Algeria, northern Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. It occurs in Central Europe remains very scattered. In Austria and Switzerland can be found Diplotaxis muralis generally scattered.

Diplotaxis muralis is a neophyte in many areas of the world.

Distribution in Germany

The wall - double seed is scattered in Germany before, especially in the north and east. More often you can find him still in the Rhine- Main area and. In addition, it is usually rare. Its occurrence seems to be rapidly declining.

Habitat requirements

The wall - double seed grows in " weed societies", such as along roadsides, embankments, railway station sites, dumps, on walls and in gravel pits. It prefers loose, nutrient-rich and often calcareous soils. He is light-and heat -loving.

Taxonomy

The first publication of this kind took place in 1753 under the name ( basionym ) Sisymbrium mural by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 2, page 658 Augustin Pyramus de Candolle she put 1821 in Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale, 2, p 634 in the genus Diplotaxis. Other synonyms for Diplotaxis muralis (L. ) DC. are: Brassica muralis (L.) Boiss, Crucifera Diplotaxis EHLKrause, Diplotaxis intermedia Schur, Diplotaxis littoralis Sennen, Sennen Diplotaxis mandonis, Diplotaxis polonica Zapal, Diplotaxis valle sensis Sennen, erucic decumbens Moench, Eruca muralis (L.) Besser, Sinapis. . muralis (L.) WTAiton.

Swell

• Tai - Yien Cheo, Lianli Lu, Guang Yang, Ihsan Al- Shehbaz & Vladimir Dorofeev: Brassicaceae: Diplotaxis muralis, pp. 24 - text Registered as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi, Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 8: Brassicaceae through Saxifragaceae, Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 0-915279-93-2. ( Description section )