Drill#Drill press
A pillar drill is usually a fixed drill. It consists of the foot, the column and the drill spindle, the speed is sometimes continuously adjustable or is set with a transmission. The tools are, in the case of drill or drill chuck, is via a Morse taper. Depending on the type of drive and the performance and the design of the feed mechanism, a different range can be covered by speeds. This has the consequence that only one can be processed to a certain extent limited range of bore diameter with this machine. For example, there Machines of this type, to about 500/min have their field of application by only a few x10 - turns and are thus designed more for drilling in the range 30 to 120 mm bore diameter. Furthermore, there are special forms, which allow on cam limit a reversal of direction. This is in conjunction with a compensating chuck and thread cutting possible. Especially for older models, the speed and feed values are adapted to the use of HSS tools.
For small models, the work table can be adjusted via a screw clamp not only in height, but also be pivoted laterally. This is done solely by human power by releasing the lock, raising or lowering and re- clamping the table. In contrast, in larger models, the work table is secured by a screw clamp, but a rack and pinion drive allows height adjustment. In addition, the foot takes on the coolant reservoir for cutting oil or drilling emulsion at large sizes.
Other special forms are the usual also in the DIY sector or workshop area, bench drills and Reihenbohrwerke.
For Bench Drills the foot and the work table form a unit, which usually absorbs even the switching elements such as spindle -An, spindle stop, emergency stop, the coolant switch or a speed group change. This is often no need for a complicated mechanical transmission ( for cost reasons ) and implemented in the rpm range via a V-belt drive. This requires only the cover over the motor and the drill spindle open, relaxed the tension screw for the belt tension, folded the belt to the desired pulley pair and the belt tension to be adjusted. The feed is generated via a lever on the side with hand or arm strength. The working height can be adjusted in such a way that the whole headstock is designed height adjustable with drill spindle, motor and gear unit.
In contrast, in Reihenbohrwerken the foot and the table, usually in an ergonomic working height for all drilling spindle form a solid unit. The height adjustment of the drill spindle to the work table via a dovetail guide, in which each drill spindle can be adapted to the specific work process individually and independently to the others. This can be constructed with the above Reihenbohrwerken "small" assembly lines, where run multiple drilling processes on a workpiece continuously implement succession. Thus then successive operations such as drilling, reaming, chamfering and threading are possible. The technical development of this Reihenbohrwerke have been more and more replaced by CNC machines or found only in smaller contract manufacturing for prototypes and short runs their use.
In almost all drill presses in work table T-slots are incorporated with those jigs, machine vices or clamps the workpiece is fixed on the table.
- Machine tool