Durrani

The Durrani ( درانی; Durrani ) or Abdali ( ابدالی; Abdali ) are a large Pashtun tribal confederation. Originally named Abdali known, they have been called since Ahmad Shah Durrani, the founder of the Durrani Empire and Durrani. It is estimated that today they represent 16 percent of the population of Afghanistan and so make up the five million. They are found in large numbers in western Pakistan. The Durrani are bilingual, they speak Dari ( Persian) and Pashto. They are probably the städtischste and educated Pashtun tribe in Afghanistan.

The Durrani presented and make many famous leaders such as the royal family of Afghanistan, bureaucrats and employees as well as traders and merchants. The Pashto dialect they speak, has a slight Persian influence and is considered by many Pashtuns perceived as a genteel, urban and thus as purer than the rougher Pashto, the so-called Puchtu in northern Afghanistan and in Pakistan. The Durrani Pashtuns are like most Muslims belong to the Hanafi direction and follow the Pashtunwali code of honor.

History

The Durrani are like other Pashtuns and neighboring peoples iranischsprachig and are considered the descendants of Qais Abd ar - Rashid viewed. Probably they originated in present-day southern Afghanistan near the Suleimanegebirges. The Durrani were known about from the 7th to the 18th century as Abdali and included as their neighboring nations initially different religions such as Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Buddhism and Hinduism on. They spread in the early Middle Ages with other Pashtun tribes, and occupied the greater part of today's Afghanistan, where they often lived up to the formation of the Durrani Empire under Persian rule.

The name Durrani is derived from the Persian title Durr -i Durran ( ' pearl of pearls " ), which in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Abdali, who united the Pashtun, was adopted at a loya jirga and then transferred to his dynasty and the entire tribal confederation. Since that time, it was with the kings and emirs of Afghanistan to Durrani rulers, specifically monarchs from the Popalzai - (1747-1843) or Barakzai tribe ( 1843-1973 ). During the reign of the Taliban, whose dominant part provided the Ghilzai, the Durrani were the most deeply forked trunk, which concerned the attitude to Taliban rule. Even today, the Durrani the politically dominant Pashtun group in Afghanistan. Thus, the incumbent President Hamid Karzai is a Popalzai and had strong ties to the former king, Zahir Shah.

Departments and individual strains

The Durrani tribal confederation consists of two units, each with 5 single strains, which in turn are divided into numerous clans. The Durranistämme Zirak the department can be found in particular in the region around Kandahar and include the Popalsai that Alikozai, the Barakzai and the Achekzai. The Panjpaou department lives west of Kandahar, Helmand and Farah and includes the Nurzai that Alizai and Eshaqzai.

The literacy rate of the Durrani is the highest among the Pashtun tribes in Afghanistan and is about 25%. The Durranistämme be considered among the Pashtuns as the most liberal. They live in close proximity with other peoples of Afghanistan. Thus it comes to cultural overlaps, eg with the Tajiks, with whom they share more cultural and socio-economic characteristics as with other Pashtun tribes such as the Ghilzai. The Durrani are part of the Sarbans a Pashtun tribal federation.