Elsa Triolet
Elsa Triolet, born Ella Yuryevna Kagan (Russian Элла Юрьевна Каган, scientific transliteration Ella Jur'evna Kagan; * 12 Septemberjul / September 24 1896greg in Moscow, .. † June 16, 1970 in Saint- Arnoult -en- Yvelines) was a russian- French writer and the wife of Louis Aragon and the sister of Lilya Brik.
Biography
Triolet grew up in Moscow in an affluent and educated Jewish family. Her mother, Yelena Yuryevna was as excellent pianist, her father Yuri Alexandrovich Kagan was a renowned lawyer. She received a good education and spoke as a child, also due to numerous stays abroad of the family, fluent in German and French.
In Moscow, she studied after high school at the Bauhochschule at the Institute for Architecture. Soon she was in contact with Mayakovsky and the formalists. With Mayakovsky joined them a short love affair and a life lasting friendship. In later years, she translated his works into French and made him a biography. Osip Brik, one of the leading members of the formalists, married her sister Lilja.
In 1917 she met the French cavalry officer André Triolet know. In 1918 she completed her studies in architecture and married him a year later in Paris. After the end of his military service, they settled in Tahiti. Encapsulated by the family and their home, and rely on a husband who did not meet their intellectual expectations, was her stay there, but very unhappy. In 1921 she returned to Europe and worked in a drawing office in London. 1922/23, she spent several months in Berlin, where she met the writer Maxim Gorky and Viktor Shklovsky. Shklovsky made her unsuccessful the court, his Berlin correspondence with her, he published in the ribbon Zoo ili ne o pisma ljubwi (not about love German zoo or letters ), which was later translated into many languages.
From 1925 to 1928 she shuttled between the Moscow intelligentsia and bohemian circles back and forth.
Encouraged by Maxim Gorky, she began her written records from the past few years to fashion to full texts. In 1925 came the release of à Tahiti ( dt in Tahiti ), a socially critical stained account of life on the island. Three years later, the autobiographical novel Fraise de Bois and 1928, the second followed Camouflage ( camouflage dt ). All books were published in relatively large editions of 3000 and 5000 copies of the Moscow publishing houses and enabled her in the following years a modest financial independence.
In 1927, she joined the Communist Party of France, and learned in Paris in 1928 the writer Louis Aragon know. Aragon made at this time besides André Breton and Philippe Soupault, with whom he was a close friend, talk as an emerging Surrealist of itself. Both fell in love and moved together at once. In 1930 Triolet traveled with Aragon in artistic as well as political intention to Kharkov in the Soviet Union. 1934 André Breton devoted her his novel The Bells of Basel while back put her literary work and odd jobs denied livelihood. In 1938 she published her novel Bonsoir Thérèse, who was also strongly influenced as the previous biographically about her experiences as a Russian in Paris. For all other correspondence between Triolet and Aragon their literary claims greatly differed from each other. During voice artist turned to the intellectual audience, she had the desire to write for the mass taste what Aragon displeased because he feared thereby to ridicule in the international artistic milieu.
With the outbreak of the Second World War, Aragon received his draft notice and the couple got married in 1939. In June 1940 he was demobilized, and together they fled to the still -free zone in the South of France. In Nice, they settled and worked for the Resistance. In the summer of 1942, the entire staff of the co-founder of Aragon Resistance Les Lettres Françaises organ was arrested and shot. The couple hid in the underground and went to live with forged documents in Provence. After the liberation of Paris in 1944, they returned there in 1945 received Triolet for Le Premier accroc coûte 200 francs the first woman the Prix Goncourt, the highest literary award in France.
Triolet died there for twelve years her husband from a heart condition. Both are buried in the park their home in Saint- Arnoult -en- Yvelines. The former mill is described in Ralf Meyer's Nest French poets and their homes in detail.
Works
- A Tahiti (1926 ) ( Original: Russian)
- Fraise des bois (1926 ) ( Original: Russian)
- Camouflage (1928 ) ( Original: Russian)
- Bonsoir Thérèse (1938 )
- Mille regrets (1942 )
- Le cheval blanc, 1943
- Les Amants d' Avignon. Pseudonym: Daniel Laurent. Underground publication of the Editions de Minuit, 1943 German The lovers of Avignon. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1958.
- Qui est cet étranger qui n'est pas d'ici? ou le mythe de la Baronne Mélanie (1944 )
- Le Premier accroc coûte 200 francs, 1945, dt The end has its price. 1983, ISBN 3-922087-06- X
- Personne ne m'aime, 1946
- Les Armées Fantômes, 1947
- L' Inspecteur des ruines, 1948
- Le Cheval roux ou les intentions humaines (1953 ), dt the Red Horse or: Where is the human? ( Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1957)
- L' Histoire d' Anton Tchekov (1954 )
- Le Rendez- vous des étrangers ( 1956)
- Le Monument ( 1957)
- Roses à crédit (1959 ), dt roses on Credit (1962 )
- Luna Park ( 1960)
- Les Manigances (1961)
- L' Âme (1962 )
- Écoutez - voir (1968 )
- La mise en mots (1969 )
- Le Rossignol se fait à l' aube (1970 )