Eranos
Eranos (Greek ἔρανος ) in ancient Greece was originally ( as in Homer or Pindar ) a Freundschaftsmahl with a special "atmosphere", equally involved in its cost to all participants. It does not mean " costs " that the participants to the host pro rata paid money. Instead, they brought their own food, delicacies and wines. The έρανος in modern Greek means a concrete special fundraiser or fundraising event.
In a figurative sense, a Eranos is an intellectual feast, bring to the invitee Custom, a speech, for example, a song, a drink or even, and not least the openness to improvise creatively in the joint discussion in the round (quoted by Tilo Schabert ).
Already in the Odyssey Homer used the term banquet Eranos in 1226 singing or singing 11,415. Differentiating even between the pure meal (Greek Δειπνον ) and the symposium (Greek Συμποσιον ) was distinguished, with hilarious case of the latter, participants with drinking and lively conversations of all kinds. The common intellectual endeavor is the mark of friendship and is a meal of Eranos. The Eranos could also take place periodically.
The Eranos had occasionally a specific purpose: So could a Eranos eg be a collection of money, which was carried out in favor of a person for a particular concern ( redemption from captivity or slavery, pay a fine ). The money was granted an interest-free loan and could be reclaimed. Also, certain forms of associations were called Eranos.
Eranos Club
In the Athenian laws, which constitute a supplement to the laws of Solon, the Eranos association filed from the 6th century BC in ancient Greece, an independent legal person is, who among other things, the function of a credit association and articles of association for the care -seeking was established. Therefore economic historians see this as a prototype of the insurance industry. The Eranosverein united in himself the provisions of the people, process, and property law. He also had the active and passive litigation, ie he could sue and be sued.
Eranos Conferences
From this meaning, the designation of since 1933 in Ascona ( Switzerland ), on Monte Verità and carried out on the banks of Lake Maggiore Eranos conferences derives. The Eranos conferences were planned by Olga Frobe - Kapteyn as a meeting place of Eastern and Western religion and spirituality, and in the subsequent period famous for its diversity and its humanistic themes. Philosophers, scientists, students of disparate disciplines to live and eat together for four days, which creates a conducive atmosphere for productive Discuss the mutually presented speeches. Carl Gustav Jung spoke at many Eranos conferences and met the wife of Paul Mellon, which moved her husband to donate for the dissemination young shear ideas in the United States.
Eranos Yearbooks
Based on the speeches appear the recognized Eranos Yearbooks ( in German, English. , Italian). This was the title of the 1933 Yearbook Yoga and Meditation in the East and in the West. CG Jung was a regular participant who developed or further developed his theories, as well as many other speakers, mainly in the Eranos conferences through the discourse (eg with Karl Kerényi and Mircea Eliade ). This circle also included Erich Neumann, Gershom Scholem, Adolf Portmann, Herbert Read, and Joseph Campbell. The latter took care of from 1954 to the distribution of contributions from the Eranos Yearbooks in the USA. Major speakers (also from the recent time) were Erich Neumann, Heinrich Zimmer, Gustav Richard Heyer, Karl Lowith, Henry Corbin, Eric Voegelin, Jean Gebser, Annemarie Schimmel, Jan Assmann and Erwin Schrödinger.
Eranos Vindobonensis
The Eranos Vindobonensis also organized within the meaning of Eranos idea already since 1876 lectures and presentations at the Institute of Classical Studies of the University of Vienna, which promote the exchange of knowledge and experience in the field of classical antiquity science. The current president (2013 ) of the Eranos Vindobonensis Thomas Corsten.