Ernst Georg Ravenstein

Ernst Georg Ravenstein, Ernest George Ravenstein ( born December 30, 1834 in Frankfurt am Main, † March 13, 1913 in Hofheim am Taunus ) was a German cartographer and demographer.

He stopped in front of the Royal Statistical Society a paper on the "laws of migration ". This lecture is considered the beginning of the Migration Research and was published in two episodes in a journal. His typologies provide a systematic insight into the course and flows of walks in the wedding of British industrialization and urbanization. In the laws of migration Ravenstein summarized form of theses, such as the need for labor in one part of the country is covered by other parts of the abundance of the population.

Ravenstein visited the Städel Institute in Frankfurt and went 1852 to August Petermann to London. From 1855 to 1875 he was engaged in topographical and statistical office of the British War Office.

He examined the hikes by: a) the motives of the migrants, b ) the distance lay the Wandering between herself and her place of birth, c ) in accordance with the redistribution, the effect between the various regions and d) for the differences migration behavior of men and women and

Classified groups according to: a) local hikers ( the same city or county), b ) Nahwanderern ( main group of walkers, and only over short distances, in the next county), c ) stage hikers, d) distance hikers (about the migration from England to the USA, . maximum ¼ of the Wanderer) and e) temporary migrants ( seasonal workers, students, tourists, prison inmates ).

His findings were: a) migration proceeds step by step, from province to province, b ) is moved over a short distance, c ) migration flows generate counter- currents, but by a lesser extent, the losses arising from migration are not fully compensated. d) The cities are growing at the expense of rural areas: 50 % of the inhabitants of big cities are not born into it. e ) With a short distance more women than men migrate. f) hikes will increase with industrialization yet. " Hike is life and progress - settledness is stagnation."

Works

  • The Russians on the Amur, 1861
  • Census of the British Isles, 1871
  • Birthplace and Migration, in: Geographical Magazine 3, pp. 173-177, 1876.
  • The laws of migration, in: Journal of the Statistical Society 48, pp. 167-227, 1885.
  • The laws of migration: second paper, in: Journal of the Statistical Society 52, pp. 214-301, 1889.
  • Geography and Statistics of the British Empire ( in Johann Eduard Wappäus ' Manual of Geography, Leipzig 1862).
  • Of maps A map of Eastern Equatorial Africa in 25 sheets, 1883.
  • Maps of Africa ( 3 leaves ) and America ( 7 ), for Meyers Hand Atlas.
  • Martin Behaim. His Life and his Globe, London 1908 Volldigitalisat of Copy of UB Freiburg.
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