ESER

The Unified System Electronic Computing Technology ( ESER ) was the subject of a Multilateral intergovernmental agreement for the development, the production and use of a unified system of electronic computing equipment ( MRK Agreement for ESER ) in December 1969 between the founding countries VR Bulgaria, Hungarian People's Republic, East Germany, People's Republic of Poland and the USSR ( later Socialist Republic of Romania and Cuba).

ESER was also the name of the computer that met this standard. Typically, ESER computer " ЕС " (Cyrillic for " ES" ) followed by a four digit number named ( eg EC 1834, an IBM PC - XT compatible computer Robotron ).

The ESER series included initially only large-scale computer systems ( mainframes ) and their peripherals, and later PCs. Medium and small computing technology was summarized in 1974 as part of the MRC Agreement under "CM" (Cyrillic for " SM " ) in the system of small computer ( SKR ).

Specification

ESER included the specification for all modules of a mainframe computer ( EDVA ) - from the interface to the disk. Uniform documentation languages ​​were English and Russian. The dialogue with the systems was carried out in English.

Classification

In ESER three rows of computer systems can be distinguished. ESER Series I were largely identical with the IBM System/360. For this purpose, the assets included R40/EC 1040 ( Robotron ) or EC 1022 ( EC EWM / Soviet Union). ESER the Series II were largely compatible with the IBM System/370. Until the 1990s, the investments EC 1055, EC were 1055m, EC 1056 and EC 1057 CPUs from the VEB Kombinat Robotron in East Germany still in use. From the Soviet production came in the GDR and the EC in 1036 is used, which is specified by EC EWM as ESER III (IBM 390 compatible), but was less efficient than EC 1056 and EC 1057.

Operating Systems

• DOS / ES: a removable disk operating system with punch cards job control, which later was to be read from tape. On ESER I as the primary operating system or with SVM (see below) in a virtual machine (VM ) on ESER II run.
• OS / ES: the main system for larger installations - as main memory resident operating system for ESER I, II and III. In the course of about 15 years of development period, many versions and editions emerged. For example, OS / SVS could with its virtual memory management function (SVS: Single Virtual Storage) extend the main memory of a virtual EC 1055m from 4 to 16 megabytes.

Configurations

Hardware

A ESER EDVA consisted of numerous large appliances and could certainly lay claim to the area of ​​a small supermarket.

The units were divided into (example ESER II):

• CPU / CPU: at least two large closets with processor, memory, and central interface ( ZIF).
• Peripherals: Direct Input devices / terminals, punch card reader, random access memory ( magnetic disks ), magnetic tape lines with the corresponding control units, parallel printer, card punch, telephones, modems, devices for transporting and storage of media and accessories
• Disk: punch card, punched tape, magnetic tape cartridge, 1/ 2 "tape, removable disk with 7,25 ( EC 5052 ), 29 ( EC 5061 ), 100 ( EC 5066 ) or 200 MB ( EC 5067 ), removable hard drive with 300 MB

An investment EC 1056 in a data processing center consisted of:

Software

On a typical installation of the ESER Series II ran in the daily operation of the OC / EC or an SVM. The SVM in " interactive mode " dialog was up 16 VM, including Manage OS and DOS machines. In the job stream, several projects were dependent on the configuration control program executed simultaneously in multiplex mode under DOS and OS. Remained a job because of a " request " (eg missing disk ) are, the others ran on. In addition to the operating systems and their service programs (eg Tepros = text processing under PTS ), there was no standard software for ESER.