Essive case

The essive (from the Latin esse = " be ") is a case in Finno-Ugric languages ​​, which expresses a state.

In German, the essive often corresponds to the word "as" in phrases such as " as a teacher ".

Finnish

In Finnish, the essive has the ending -na or - greater detail, eg lapsena = " as a child ". The ending is the plural -ina/-inä/-eina, einä. The ending depends on the vowel harmony. For words with stage change the "strong " level will be used. Examples:

  • Kiss / - ana, kiss / oina
  • Koir / ana, koir / -ina
  • Clay / änä, clay / INAE

The essive is also very commonly used temporally, including at weekdays, for example: Tulen perjantaina. = "I come on Friday. "

Estonian

In Estonian is the ending- na or in the plural or tena - dena, eg müüjana = " as the seller "

Sami

In the Sami essive has the ending -n, whereby no distinction between singular and plural. In words with stage change the essive has the same level as the nominative singular.

Example: Son lea isidin DALUS. = " He is a farmer on the farm. " ( Lit.: " a peasant " )

Hungarian

The Hungarian has two forms of essive. Both forms are in the vernacular rather rare and usually only in written form ( literature) to find.

Essive - modal

The essive - modal is formed with the suffix -ul or -ul. It is literally like a comparative " like" or "as" to understand. Examples:

  • Barátjául fogad = " accept as a friend, accept " ( d h, need not be a friend)
  • Fivérül Szeret = " like a brother love" (even if it is not)
  • Kutyául ERZI Magát = " feels like a dog " (although it is obviously not a dog )
  • Hajóul = " as a ship "
  • Például = " example "

Essive -formal

The essive -formal is formed with the suffix - Kent. It means, in German, such as " a". Examples:

  • Tanárként dolgozik = "as teachers work " ( d is, it is at this moment teachers)
  • Orvosságként bevette = " taken as a medicine" ( d h as much as it is medicine)
  • Elsőként = " first "
Consonant gradation Hungarian language
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