Étienne Boileau

Étienne Boileau (* 1200, † 1270) held office from 1261 to his death as a royal Vogt ( Prévôt ) from Paris ( Gare de la Prévôté et vicomté de Paris). He came from a noble family from the Orléanais.

Prévôt of Paris

With the name of Etienne Boileau closely is the reform of the Bailiwick of Paris ( Prévôté de Paris) in 1261 by King Louis IX. the saints connected. Paris was, although since the 12th century residence until the mid-13th century, a poorly managed city. Although already existed the office of Prévôté, which extended over the city and the ligands located on the outskirts of the castle bailiwicks viscounty Paris, but their powers were not clearly outlined. Above all, the office of Prévôt was added to the lease, that is only those who had sufficient assets, could attain this office. The sale of offices brought corruption and abuse of office with him. The legal uncertainty for generations led in the mid-13th century for the first time to a decline in population of the city.

1261 forbade King Louis IX. the venality of Prévôté and took office in royal pay. He sat Boileau, a fact that had already made ​​the King as incorruptible Prévôt of Orléans, where he served since 1259, a name. The Prévôt of Paris from then received a special status by its powers to a Bailiff (roughly equivalent to that of a chief of police ) have been extended. He was responsible now the case-law, the collection of taxes, the monitoring of the guilds and the protection of the privileges of the University. Furthermore, the military and financial management of the city he was put. With the Royal Guard in 1254 created by the king, he had a police force that had greater powers than the citizens guard. The jurisdiction of the royal Prévôts corresponded to continue in the field of viscounty Paris; they only ended at the quarters and the assigned places of the Paris river merchant guild, which had its own head with the Prévôt freely elected the marchands. Opposite to this, the royal Prévôt was but in a higher position because he could withdraw from the Prévôt marchands decisions taken. With the Grand Châtelet, the royal Prévôt also was assigned a fixed headquarters, located directly opposite the Palais de la Cité.

The chroniclers Nangis and Joinville reported unanimously by a sudden onset of economic recovery and the improvement of public order in Paris, since Boileau had taken over there the regiment.

The book of the guilds

A great influence had by Boileau to 1268 for the first time made ​​written record of the statutes and customary rights of a total of 101 listed Parisian trades. With this order of trade guilds of Paris ( Établissement des métiers de Paris ) were recorded almost all occupations in the city. Furthermore, this includes all rights and obligations of the guilds against the ruler of the city. Arrested, they were in the first part of a two-volume book, whose title Livre des métiers ( "Book of the guilds " ) is now used for the entire work. The second, less noticed by historians, had part of the title Droitures et coutumes ( " rights and customs " ) and fulfilled the functions of a police regulation and a control list. Because it Boileau had the various taxes that had to dissipate all the citizens of Paris to the Crown listed. Those charges were distinguished in civil tax ( poll tax, waste fees and bridge tolls ) and retail-specific taxes ( goods and market duties ).

The Livre des métiers is still regarded as the most important source on the economic life of Paris of the 13th century.

Founding of the order

1263 Boileau founded under the protection of King Louis IX. Châtelet in the secular Order of the Commandery. This Order has until now branches in Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Spain, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Monaco, Luxembourg, and the Channel Islands and the Isle of Bourbon in the Indian Ocean. The patron saint is said Order of St.. Sergius, who came in the 3rd century a Roman patrician family. The objectives of the Order are primarily in the development and maintenance of friendly relations in the social sector as well as in science and culture; Also in the supporting facilities and groups in the charitable sector.