Florence Hawley

Florence May Hawley Ellis ( born September 17, 1906 in Cananea, Mexico, † 1991) was an American anthropologist and archaeologist. She was one of the first experts on dendrochronology and contributed significantly to establishing this method in archeology.

Life

Florence Hawley's father was a chemist who worked in the copper mining town of Cananea influenced by. The turmoil of the Mexican Revolution prompted the family to move to Miami.

Florence Hawley attended the University of Arizona, where she made ​​her 1927 bachelor's degree in English and anthropology. In 1928 she received her master's degree with a thesis on prehistoric ceramics in Arizona. Together with her father, she worked on chemical analysis of pottery painting, a then little- used method.

From 1928 to 1933 she taught at the University of Arizona. There she also attended seminars on the new method of dendrochronology at their founder Andrew Ellicott Douglass. When the University in 1933 had to lay off a large part of their teaching staff due to the " Great Depression", Hawley decided to use their savings to finish her ​​dissertation on the history of settlement in Chaco Canyon. Your Ph.D. she received in 1934 from the University of Chicago. For their analysis, they used a combination of archaeological and dendrochronological data and statistical approaches (especially the Chi -square test ) and was thus one of the first who used these methods in archeology.

1934 Florence Hawley received a professorship at the University of New Mexico. In 1936 she married the archaeologist Donovan Senter, with whom she had a daughter. In 1947 she got divorced. 1950 Hawley married the historian Bruce Ellis.

Until her retirement in 1971 Hawley taught at the University of New Mexico. She gave, among other courses on dendrochronology and worked on a dendrochronological sequence for the southwestern United States. Throughout her college career she campaigned for equal pay and recognition of women in science.

According to Hawley, Florence Hawley Ellis Museum of Anthropology is named in Abiquiu, New Mexico.

Writings

  • The Significance of the Dated Prehistory of Chetro Ketl, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, 1934.
  • Field Manual of Prehistoric Southwestern Pottery Types. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 1936.
  • Classification of Black Pottery Pigments and Paint Areas. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque 1938 ( with Fred G. Hawley ).
  • Tree - ring Analysis and Dating in the Mississippi drainage. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1941.
  • A Reconstruction of the Basic Jemez Pattern of Social Organization. With Comparisons to Other Tanoan Social Structures. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque 1964.
  • An Anthropological Study of the Navajo Indians. Garland, New York 1974, ISBN 0-8240-0703-4.
  • Anthropological Data Pertaining to the Taos country claim. Garland, New York 1974, ISBN 0-8240-0725-5.
  • Anthropology of Laguna Pueblo Land Claims. Garland, New York 1974, ISBN 0-8240-0727-1.
  • Archaeologic and ethno Logicdata. Acoma - Laguna Land Claims. Garland, New York 1974, ISBN 0-8240-0726-3.
  • The Hopi. Their History and Use of Lands. Garland, New York 1974, ISBN 0-8240-0706-9.
  • From Drought to Drought. An Archaeological Record of Life Patterns as Developed by the Gallina Indians of North Central New Mexico ( AD 1050 to 1300). Sunstone Press, Santa Fe, 1988, ISBN 0-8653-4120-6.
  • San Gabriel del Yungue as seen by an Archaeologist. Sunstone Press, Santa Fe, 1989, ISBN 0-8653-4129- X.
Chemistry Great Depression in the United States
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