Follistatin

Follistatin is an autocrine glycoprotein. It occurs in almost all higher animals throughout the body, with the highest concentrations found in the ovary and skin. It is part of the so-called inhibin - activin- follistatin axis.

For its production, a single gene is responsible, that is a direct target gene of the Wnt / beta -catenin signaling pathway during embryonic development.

Three isoforms of follistatin are known: FS -288, FS -315 and FS -300. The first two come from alternative splicing, FS -300 about through the post-translational modification.

Previously known effects

The first isolation of follistatin succeeded from the follicular fluid. First effect noticed that it inhibits the production of FSH in the anterior pituitary, and therefore it is known as FSH - Suppressing protein ( FSP). Only later was it determined that its actual main function of antagonism to the transforming growth factor ( TGF), strictly speaking, the subgroup of the TGF- β superfamily is. Here plays the inhibition of activin, which in turn stimulates the production of FSH in the pituitary gland, the decisive role. On cell proliferation, it has controlling, controlling influence on cell differentiation, even in the healing process after injury is involved. When Embryonalgenese it has an inhibitory effect on the formation of bone morphogenetic protein.

Animal

  • Follistatin is an important cofactor in the liver regeneration ( by liver failure ), in the mouse model
  • Animal experiments suggest that Plays an essential role in both follistatin growth of tumors
  • And the vascular growth in tumors and in the corneal cells of rabbits stimulates.

Man

Interactions with other substances

Tricostatin A ( TSA ) activates the synthesis of follistatin in mouse model ..

Summary

Follistatin appears to be an essential part of muscle formation and regeneration controlling loop together with myostatin. A shifted in his favor ratio of the two substances already prenatally leads to Muskelhyperplasie and dystrophy.

Production

Currently follistatin by genetically modified bacteria (E. coli ) is produced.

Protein isoform Human Genome Organisation Follicle-stimulating hormone Receptor antagonist Uniform Resource Name Digital Object Identifier
341190
de