François Sulpice Beudant

François Sulpice Beudant ( born September 5, 1787 Paris, † December 10, 1850 ) was a French mineralogist and geologist.

Childhood and education

A few years ago Beudants birth, his father from the Ardennes came to Paris. On January 21, 1793, the father disappeared without a trace, the mother now had to cope with family responsibilities alone. This Beudant grew up in poverty; he was the only survivor of fifteen siblings. The mother turned to the support of friends. The Gillet de Laumont family friendly assistance granted and exercised on the future of the boy a formative influence.

Beudant graduated from the École Polytechnique and the École normale supérieure his studies. After his graduation, he worked as the École Normale Supérieure in répétiteur.

Life

In 1811 he was appointed professor of mathematics at the lycée in Avignon. Two years later he went to Marseille, where he took a physics professor at the Lyceum.

After the return of Louis XVIII. Beudant worked from 1814 as a Director of the Royal Mineral Cabinet, which he also dealt with the collection of Jacques -Louis de Bournon and the structure of minerals. An operation funded by the French government study tour took him to Hungary in 1818. In his book "Voyage mineralogique et géologique en Hongrie pendant l' Année 1818. " (Paris, 1822) Beudant reported on the research results of this journey. Goethe criticized in a letter of 12 January 1823, the Count Kaspar Maria von Sternberg angered some petrographic statements Beudants. Wilhelm Haidinger praised Beudants on the trip collected evidence on the composition of alum and his description of Alaunfabrik in Hungarian Matra Mountains. In connection with this work was created by his recording work, the first printed geological map of Transylvania. This work, géologique Carte de la Hongrie et de la Transylvanie, showed the region at a scale of 1:1,000,000.

After his return he was appointed in 1820 professor of mineralogy and physics at the Sorbonne to succeed his deceased teacher René -Just Haiiy. This activity he held until 1839.

In his last years (1839-1850) had Beudant as Inspector General of the French school system. In this role, he published " Nouveaux éléments de grammaire française " (Paris 1841).

Key performances

  • Beudant investigated salt solutions and made crystallization trials. From this work, he formulated a principle which is known as Beudantsches law.
  • Géologique Carte de la Hongrie et de la Transylvanie (copper engraving map out "Voyage mineralogique et géologique s Ungarn ", Paris 1822) approx 61 x 95 cm
  • 1824 Description of the mineral azurite and naming according to its color
  • 1824 Description of the mineral alunite and rename (old name Aluminilit )
  • 1824 Description of the mineral brucite and naming after the American mineralogist Archibald Bruce
  • 1832 Description of the mineral sylvite and naming after the Dutch physician Franciscus Sylvius
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Erythrin and naming because of its red color (Greek erythros )
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Clausthalite and naming after its place of discovery Clausthal
  • 1832 Description of the mineral anglesite and naming according to the British island of Anglesey (Wales )
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Krokoit and naming because of its color ( crocs - saffron )
  • 1832 Description of the mineral smithsonite and naming by the scholar James Smithson
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Proustite after the chemist Joseph Louis Proust
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Mimetite after the Greek word mimethes ( imitator ) because of the similarity to Pyromorphit
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Leadhillit after the Scottish town Leadhills
  • 1832 Description of the mineral Stromeyerite after the chemist Friedrich Stromeyer
  • 1832 discovery of the mineral linnaeite of Beudant and description of the mineral in 1845 by Haidinger in honor of Carl Linnaeus
  • 1832 Description of the mineral covellite after the Italian mineralogist Nicola Covelli
  • 1832 Description of the mineral siderosis, which was renamed in 1845 by Haidinger in siderite

Appreciations and Memberships

Important publications

  • Traité élémentaire de minéralogie (Paris 1st edition 1824, 2nd edition 1830, German Leipzig 1826)
  • Essai d'un cours élémentaire et général des sciences physiques (Paris 1815)
  • Traité de physique élémentaire ( 4th edition 1829, 6th edition 1838, German Leipzig 1830)
  • Cours élémentaire de minéralogie et de géologie (1841, 12th edition, Paris 1868, German Stuttgart 1858)
Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger Erythrite Clausthal-Zellerfeld Crocoite Leadhillite Beudantite Integrated Authority File
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