Frederick II of Denmark

Frederick II ( born July 1, 1534 Haderslev, † April 4, 1588 in Antvorskov at Slagelse ) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1559 to 1588.

Life

He was the eldest son of Christian III. of Denmark and his wife Dorothea of Saxe- Lauenburg.

Frederick began his reign in 1559 with the submission Dithmarschens in the last feud. Then he settled in Copenhagen crown and stepped over to the Protestant church. 1564, he had to hand over the younger his rightful inheritance to his brother Johann. This led to a further division of the state of Schleswig and Holstein, by Johann in the area around Sonderburg Schleswig and Holstein was in the area around Plön. However, the Scores Johann refused the homage as another sovereign. The three crown war against Sweden in 1570 settled by the Peace of Stettin. Here Sweden renounced his claims to Norway, Skåne, Halland and Gotland and paid 200,000 dollars to Denmark. Both countries recognized each other as independent. 1570 Frederick received the reversion of Oldenburg. Under his government 's finances have improved, encouraged agriculture and commerce, the privileges of the German Hanseatic gradually restricted or abolished, taken several provisions relating to the Sundrecht and consequently the forts Kronborg and Frederiksborg built. Already in 1560 Frederick revolutionized the shipping industry by effectively started the modern lighthouse authority. Also, the sciences, especially astronomy, promoted King Frederick.

Monuments

A manufactured by the Mannerist Johan Gregor van der Schardt bronze bust of Frederick II is on Rosenborg Castle. The humanist Heinrich Rantzau, with Frederick II was a friend, dedicated to him several structures: the so-called Rantzau obelisk, the pyramid and the Segeberger incurred in a friendly contest Temple of Nordoe.

Marriage and descendants

He was married to Sophie of Mecklenburg, with whom he had the following children:

  • Elisabeth ( * August 25, 1573, † June 19, 1626 ) - wife of Heinrich Julius of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel
  • Anna (* October 12, 1574, † March 12, 1619 ) - consort of James I of England and Scotland
  • Christian IV (* April 12, 1577, † February 28, 1648 ), King of Denmark
  • Ulrich (* December 30, 1578, † March 27, 1624 ), 1602-1624 Bishop of Schleswig, 1603-1624 Administrator of the Bishopric of Schwerin
  • Augusta (* April 8, 1580; † February 5, 1639 ) - wife of Johann Adolf of Schleswig -Holstein - Gottorp
  • Hedwig (* August 5, 1581, † November 26, 1641 ) - wife of Christian II of Saxony
  • Johann (* July 9, 1583, † October 28, 1602 )
evangelic Partitioned-off duke Northern Seven Years' War Treaty of Stettin (1570) Scania Frederiksborg Palace James VI and I John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
352917
de