Friedrich Kohlrausch

Friedrich Wilhelm Georg Kohlrausch ( born October 14, 1840 in Rinteln, † January 17, 1910 in Marburg ) was a German physicist and physical chemist. He was the son of Rudolf Kohlrausch (1809-1858), brother of Wilhelm Kohlrausch and grandson of Friedrich Kohlrausch.

Scientific career

Kohlrausch studied in Erlangen and Göttingen, and in 1864 professor of the Physics Club in Frankfurt am Main. Since his studies in Göttingen, he was a member of the fraternity Brunsviga. Further stations:

Kohlrausch was 1895-1905 President of the Physikalisch -Technische Reich (PTR ) in Charlottenburg and member of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. In 1899 he was appointed ordinary honorary professor at the University of Berlin. In 1896 he was inducted into the Order Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts.

Walther Nernst received his doctorate in 1887 with Kohlrausch in Würzburg.

Services

His work in the fields of the theory, measurement methods and instruments, and the experiment have significantly focused on the electrical and magnetic properties (determination of Ohms and the electrochemical equivalent ).

From 1875, he opened up the new field of physical chemistry, solutions, particularly their electrical conductivity ( conduction ): Kohlrausch cal square-root law, determining ionic product of water with Heydweiller, development of the first conductivity meter for conductivity measurement of electrolytes, determination of the solubility of sparingly soluble salts, determining the change in conductivity as a function of temperature, the calculation procedure for determining the migration rates of ions from the interface with the electrolytic conductivity, in addition, the thermal and electrical conduction, the total reflection of the light, and the elasticity.

With his study of elastic aftereffect he took up an observation Wilhelm Eduard Weber; to describe the results, he used the proposed by his father for the electrical aftereffect Kohlrausch function.

Writings (selection )

  • Guide the practical physics (Leipzig, 1870).
  • The conductivity of the electrolytes (Leipzig 1898).
  • William Hall wax, Adolf Heydweiller, Karl Strecker, Otto Wiener: Collected essays by Friedrich Kohlrausch, in two volumes, published by Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig, 1910-1911

The PTB and its predecessor institution, the PTR, put the science historically significant "coal rush" in his recent 24th edition, 1996 ( Teubner -Verlag) the interested general public for download.

  • Practical Physics, Volume 1
  • Practical Physics, Volume 2
  • Practical Physics, Volume 3
  • Practical Physics, tables

The estate of FW Kohlrausch is located in the archives of the Deutsches Museum in Munich.

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