Frýdlant–Heřmanice Railway
The narrow-gauge railway Frýdlant v Čechách - Heřmanice was a narrow gauge railway with a track width of 750 mm in today's Czech Republic. The route ran from Frýdlant v Čechách ( Friedland in Bohemia) in the countries along the border with Saxony location Heřmanice u Frýdlantu ( Hermsdorf in Bohemia), where he held following the narrow gauge railway Zittau - Reichenau- Hermsdorf. In today's Czech Republic the route as Heřmanička ( German about: Hermsdorfer Bähnle ) is known.
- 2.1 locomotives
- 2.2 car
- 2.3 unfamiliar vehicles
History
Background and construction
In 1864, a project, the railway line Zittau - Lobau towards Friedland and on into Silesia consisted Legnica (now Legnica / Poland) continue. For financial reasons, however, did not come to the start of construction. The first railway connection was Friedland then in 1875 with the South- North German railway connection from Berlin to Görlitz in the direction of Reichenberg (now Liberec ) and on to Vienna. In 1884 was born in Saxony, a narrow gauge railway which led from Zittau through Reichenau to marker village. Soon, plans were made to continue this line to Friedland.
Basis for the continued construction of the route to Austria was finally a treaty between Austria - Hungary and Saxony on 27 November 1898. He entered upon the exchange of instruments of ratification on 25 January 1899 in Vienna into force. Here, the Saxon government undertook its own connection line " as far as possible simultaneously with the Austrian connection line put into operation ." Unique to Austria was the track width of 750 mm, in which the new railway to be built. For the border station in a location " close to the limit" in Hermsdorf in Bohemia was provided. This station should also be the seat of the border customs office. In addition, the contract contained an agreement that at least two passenger trains were planned to travel over the border every day in both directions.
On February 15, 1899, the district committee received in Friedland concession " to Build and operations of a Locomotiveisenbahn executed as narrow- Local train from the station Friedland of South- North German railway connection to the frontier next Hermsdorf "
After a year of construction, the traffic on August 25, 1900 was opened. At the same time the Saxon connection route marker Village Hermsdorf started its operations. In order to serve the place Dittersbach, there was a railway terminus, where the locomotives had to change before going on to the other end of the train. The tracks in both directions ran about a kilometer in parallel.
Operation
Except for some special trains, which partially reversed by Oybin to Friedland, never took place between the Saxon and Bohemian route by passenger common place, but the passengers had to change trains always to proceed in Hermsdorf. There was a passage to a personal and locomotive changes only in freight transport.
December 31, 1924, the Friedlander District Railway was nationalized and the track came into the ownership of the Czechoslovak State Railways ČSD. After the annexation of the Sudetenland to Germany in the autumn of 1938, the route was taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn, Reichsbahndirektion Dresden. Operationally, the route remained independent, it still wrong no through trains between Zittau and Friedland.
After 1945, the track came back to ČSD. Due to unprofitability of traffic on 22 September 1947, initially set. On 28 May 1951, the freight on the operation of the quarry of Severocesky was průmysl kamene NP (formerly Schotterwerke Supich & Co KG) resumed in Heřmanice. As of July 14, 1957 then reversed again trains. Freight transport on the route was discontinued on June 13, 1964 as originating from the early days of railway track systems were now too worn. The last trip trains ran on 13 January 1976. During the following years the track was still incorporated in the course of the book ČSD, all trains operated as a rail replacement bus service with buses of ČSAD. The official closure of the route then took place in 1984., The tracks were dismantled in 1997.
The vehicles
Locomotives
The Friedlander District Railroad bought for her three narrow-gauge railway narrow gauge locomotives with numbers 11 to 13 of Krauss in Linz, which are largely the known range of the U kkStB adjusted. Because of the cross -border traffic locomotives received usual in Saxony Heberleinbremse and cone coupling. The ČSD classified the locomotives later in the series U 37.0, and gave them the operating numbers 37 007 U - 009 U The locomotive 37 008 (formerly No. 12) was preserved and now serves as a source of spare parts for the museum locomotive 37 002 U in Jindřichův Hradec.
U 37 007 (formerly No. 11 ) was located as 99 791 in April 1945 for repairs in raw Chemnitz and remained after the war in the narrow-gauge railways in Saxony. Then came on the narrow gauge railroad between Hetzdorf and Eppendorf used later came to Prignitzer circle small train, there was redrawn in 4712 99 and 1965 scrapped.
As of 1958, the ČSD brand new diesel locomotives sat then T a 47.0 on the track. In passenger traffic, however, steam locomotives were initially continue to use because the new locomotives had no heater. Until 1964, therefore, indicates that the last steam locomotive to be retired.
Car
The coaches and reflected contemporary Austrian design as can be seen even today, for example, in the historical features of the Zillertal Railway. A single of the old axle wagons remained to this day. The wagon type D / ú 600 has been faithfully restored in the 1990s and queued in the narrow-gauge museum train in Jindřichův Hradec. 1966 procured the ČSD new passenger car design Balm (u ) of CKD Tatra in Prague.
In the transport of similar types were put into service by the FBB, as seen with the Royal Palaces. Saxon State Railways were used. The wagon factory Graz delivered in 1900 twelve open and covered six two-axle freight wagons. They received in the FBB, the numbers 601-606 and 701 to 712 A part of the car remained after 1945 in the collections of the Deutsche Reichsbahn. One served as a long time as slag cars in Mügeln ( Mügelner network). Since 1971 he is part of the inventory of the Saxon narrow gauge railway museum Rittersgruen.
1931 procured the ČSD five new four-axle, open wagons at the wagon factory in Graz. These were similar to the Saxon types with their contemporary Preßrahmendrehgestellen. However, is no longer appropriate was the Heberleinbremse, with which they were still delivered.
For the transport normalspuriger car on the narrow gauge railway trolleys were used from 1904.
Unfamiliar vehicles
In 1945, some remained Saxon vehicles on the track, including the Saxon VI K 99 702 and several freight and passenger cars.
The 99 702 was used from 1948 ve of the ČSD as U 58 001 on the narrow gauge railway Třemešná Slezsku - Osoblažsko. In 1957, however, came back to Frýdlant. It was then used until 1960 when a train and 1962 scrapped.
The load carriage remained first in Frýdlant, part came later to Bohemia on the routes Jindřichův Hradec Hradec - Nová Obrataň and Jindřichův Bystřice. There they were used to in the 1970s in passenger traffic.
As of 1948, the ČSD used a former Army field railway locomotive of type HF 130 C as a switch engine in Frýdlant. Known as the T 36 001 locomotive was delivered in 1954 as a locomotive factory for cement factory Královodvorské cementárny in Beroun.