Fucus spiralis

Spiraltang (Fucus spiralis )

The Spiraltang (Fucus spiralis, also Little Bladderwrack ) is a Fucus species from the class of brown algae that is also present in the North Sea and Baltic Sea.

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

The Spiraltang is a perennial Großalge (seaweed) with a size of a few centimeters to about 30 cm. On the base it is connected to an adhesive plate with the ground. The leathery, rough, brown-green thallus is flattened, dichotomously branched in one plane and traversed by a midrib. He has neither gas bubbles ( such as bladderwrack ) nor a serrated edge ( as Sägetang ). Sometimes the thallus is spirally twisted Matters involving the German name. The vegetative Thallusenden are flat, also inflated by strong sunlight and hollow. Through the surf or Food thalli can regenerate damaged to the wound surfaces new tufted rung.

Reproduction

Fucus species are diploid generation without change. From April to October reflects the Spiraltang thick swollen fertile Thallusenden ( seminal receptacles ) which are filled with jelly. The seminal receptacles contain jug -shaped recessed into the surface Konzeptakeln in which the gametes are formed. The Spiraltang is hermaphrodite. In any conceptacle arise ova and sperm cells ( zoospores ). Therefore, often comes from self- fertilization. The fertilized eggs constitute themselves and grow into new diploid algae.

Occurrence

The distribution area of Spiraltangs comprises the coasts of the North Atlantic and the North American Pacific coast. In the eastern North Atlantic it is distributed from Norway to the Canary Islands and Morocco and is also found in the North Sea and Baltic Sea.

The Spiraltang inhabited the upper intertidal zone. From the related Fucus species with which he often found together, it is found closest to the top. It recovers better from dehydration than the related species and tolerates both high and low temperatures.

System

The first description of Fucus spiralis was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 2, p 1159th The Spiraltang belongs to the genus Fucus in the family of Fucaceae within the order of the Fucales.

Synonyms of Fucus spiralis L. are Fucus areschougii Kjellman, Fucus areschougii f nanus Kjellman, Fucus areschougii var borealis ( Kjellman ) Kjellman, Fucus spiralis f sherardii (L.) Areschoug and Fucus vesiculosus var spiralis (L. ) C. Agardh.

A similar type is the only in 2011 by Zardi et al. Fucus described guiryi (synonym: Fucus spiralis var platycarpus ( Thuret ) Batters ). It differs by a sterile margin around the seminal receptacles and its monopodial, not bifurcated branch, longer thallus ( to about 50 cm) and longer stem. Fucus guiryi grows slightly lower than the Spiraltang and slightly higher than the bladder in the intertidal zone.

Swell

• Michael D. Guiry, GM Guiry: Fucus spiralis In: AlgaeBase - World -wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway accessed 20 March, 2012 ( section systematics, occurrence)
• P. Korn man P.H. Sahling: seaweed from Helgoland - Benthic green, brown and red algae. Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Hamburg 1983, ISSN 0017-9957, pp. 162-164 ( section description, reproduction)