G418
- G -418
- O -2-amino -2 ,7- dideoxy- D -glycero- α -D - gluco - heptopyranosyl - (1 → 4 )-O -(3- deoxy -4-C -methyl- 3-( methylamino) - β -L- arabinopyranosyl - (1 → 6) )-D- streptamin
- (2R, 3S, 4R, 5R, 6S )-5- amino-6 -[( 1R, 2S, 3S, 4R, 6S) - 4,6- diamino- 3-[ (2R, 3R, 4R, 5R) - 3,5- dihydroxy -5-methyl -4- methylaminooxan -2-yl ] oxy -2- hydroxycyclohexyl ] oxy -2 -(1- hydroxyethyl)- dioxane - 3,4- diol ( IUPAC)
- Geneticin
- 49863-47-0
- 1405-41-0 ( monosulfate )
- 108321-42-2 ( disulfate )
Colorless powder
Fixed
Soluble in water
Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available
Geneticin (G -418 ) is an antibacterial agent ( antibiotic) from the group of aminoglycosides. It mediates its antibiotic activity via inhibition of protein biosynthesis. Since geneticin to a particular degree, the protein biosynthesis in cells of higher organisms (eg, mammalian cells) inhibits find geneticin no therapeutic application. Its main application is the cell biology, in which Geneticin is used for the selection of genetically modified cell lines.
Occurrence
Mechanism of Action
As with other aminoglycosides inhibit geneticin cellular protein biosynthesis. While many aminoglycosides exclusively prokaryotic 70S ribosomal inhibit various stages of translation, geneticin acts on protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. Binds to the 80S ribosomes geneticin from fungi, algae, plant as well as from animal cells. At ribosomes bound geneticin prevents the elongation of translation.
Areas of application
Geneticin has particular application in cell biology for selection of stably transfected eukaryotic cells. Here, the cell toxicity of geneticin for eukaryotic cells, and on the other hand the possibility of intracellular Geneticininaktivierung by introduction of a neomycin, geneticin resistance gene ( Neor ) is utilized on one hand. The genes responsible for resistance to geneticin coding for aminoglycoside phosphotransferases (APT ). This phosphorylate geneticin to the hydroxyl groups and thus suppress the effect of the substance.