Gabriel Girard (priest)
Gabriel Girard (* 1677 in Mont Ferrand, Clermont- Ferrand, † February 4, 1748 in Mont Ferrand ) was a French linguist, Slavic, grammarian and Lexikologe.
Life and work
Girard, known as the abbé Girard, was first canon in Mont Ferrand, then in Paris by Marie Louise Élisabeth de Kaplan Bourbon- Orléans, and ( as an employee of the Bibliothèque Nationale, under abbé Jean -Paul Bignon [ 1662-1743 ] ) 1725-1747 interpreters and Translators of the King for the Russian and other Slavic languages , but hardly went beyond the library area.
Girard published in 1718 the first book dedicated entirely to comparing synonyms of a modern language (Latin role models existed ). It was titled La Justesse de la langue Francoise, ou les mots qui différentes significations of passent pour synonymes (263 pages), from 1736 the title Synonymous françois. Leurs et le choix différentes significations qu'il faut faire en (490 pages, 13th edition, 1766, then re- edited by Nicolas Beauzée, 1769, last 1808. Newly edited by Maria Gabriella Adamo, Fasano 1999. Houilles also in 2007; english: A new guide to eloquence being treatise of the proper distinctions to be Observed in between words reckoned Synonymous, or, Their different significations, and the choice Which Should Be made of them, in order to express ourselves justly The Synonymous words classed alphabetically; . upon the plan of a French work of the same nature, by the Abbot Girard, London 1762, Farmington Hills, 2009, The difference in between words esteemed Synonymous, London, 1766, Menston 1970).
The book made the synonym divorce to a kind of parlor game and pulled synonymous distinctive dictionaries in French, as in many other languages according to their increasing from theorizing (especially by Johann August Eberhard and Pierre- Benjamin Lafaye ) gave rise to the modern structural semantics.
Shortly before his death Girard published a theoretically ambitious grammar, the newly edited by Pierre Swiggers. was: Les principes de la langue Francoise Vrais, ou la Parole réduite en méthode ( 2 vols, Paris 1747, Geneva 1982, 432 470 pages).
Girard was admitted to the Académie française in 1744. Vasily Kirilovitch Trediakovsky may apply from 1727 as his student.
Other works
- L' Ortografe française dans ses principes et sans équivoques naturels, ou l' Art d' écrire notre langue selon les Loix de la raison et de l' usage, Paris 1716 (267 pages)
- Lettre d'un abbé à un gentilhomme de province contenant of observations sur le stile et les pensées de la nouvelle d' tragédie Œdipe, et sur la dernière lettre of the reflection de M. de Voltaire, Paris 1719 (23 pages)
- Nouvelles remarques sur l' Œdipe de M. de Voltaire, et sur ses lettres critiques où l' on justifie Corneille et où l' on fait un des deux parallèle tragédies de ces auteurs, Paris 1719 (119 pages)