George Oster
George Frederick Oster ( born April 20, 1940 in New York City ) is an American biophysicist.
Life
Easter made 1961 a bachelor's degree at the Academy of the U.S. Merchant Marine (United States Merchant Marine Academy ) in Long Iceland ( where he was growing up ). He graduated in 1961 with a patent as a naval officer, but the seafaring was not to his taste. He studied from 1961 nuclear engineering at Columbia University, where he received his doctorate in 1967. The topic of his dissertation was High Temperature Saturated Liquid and Vapor Densities and the Critical Point of Cesium. His tuition fees he paid by periodic work as a ship's officer. 1964 to 1967 he was instructor at City College of New York and from 1968 at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory of the University of Berkeley, from 1971 as a permanent member of the laboratory. There he was in 1964 with a grant from the United States Atomic Energy Commission, when he was still working on his PhD thesis in nuclear engineering, but then switched to biology under the influence of Aharon Katchalsky, with whom he also in Rehovot Weizmann Institute of statistical mechanics biological networks worked. In the early 1970s he worked on the population biology of whales ( in the Faculty of mechanics, however, this did not tolerate long ), inspired by his friend, the well-known whale researcher Roger Payne. For this he received the Levy Medal from the Franklin Institute. He then worked as a mathematical population biologist in the Department of Entomology. He met the summer courses of the Woods Hole ant specialists Edward O. Wilson, and they wrote a book about ant colonies. During this time he worked at Harvard University, among others, Wilson and Richard Lewontin. From 1978 he was professor of biophysics at the University of California at Berkeley.
In the late 1970s he wrote an early paper on chaos theory in population ecology with Robert May. and began to be interested in developmental biology, where he developed a new model of morphogenesis with James D. Murray, in addition to chemical messengers (as in Alan Turing's classic model) also took into account mechanical cell contacts. Later he turned locomotion mechanisms of bacteria ( in myxobacteria he discovered a new form of transport other by discharging mucus) and the mechanisms of molecular motors. In 1998, he developed a chemical- mechanical model of the necessary molecular motors for Energiezulieferung ATP synthase. In the development of mathematical and physical models of biological processes, he works closely with experimentalists.
1985 to 1990 he was a MacArthur Fellow. In 2004 he became a member of the National Academy of Sciences. 1971 and 1974 he was awarded the Louis E. Levy Medal of the Franklin Institute and in 1975 he was a Guggenheim Fellow.