Geyser#Misnamed geysers

A cold water geyser is a special form of artificial carbonic acid sources (gas - artesian wells), which eject like real geysers their water in more or less regular intervals, like a fountain. The driving force for the water discharge is aufperlendes carbon dioxide. The mechanism is similar to the foaming of mineral water from a mineral water bottle when opening.

Formation

Requirement for a cold water geyser is carbon dioxide, which is emitted by volcanic processes into the groundwater and there exists in dissolved form. The groundwater becomes increasingly enriched with carbon dioxide, until it can absorb no more. Normally, the carbon dioxide is then released slowly and regularly from the groundwater surface and finding its way through the overlying soil to either a large scale distributed at the surface or withdraw at some limited points as mofette.

For the emergence of a Kaltwassergeysirs is necessary as in real geysers have severely restricted ascent channel for the water discharge. This is artificial and usually occurs when the kohlenstoffdioxidhaltige groundwater is drilled and cased hole. In this eruption channel groundwater has a direct connection to the surface.

The eruption mechanism of Kaltwassergeysirs goes where such conditions arise due to the fact that the solubility of carbon dioxide also decreases with decrease in water pressure. The free water surface in the bore provides the carbon dioxide when reaching the solution limit the possibility of unhindered auszuperlen. This decreases the pressure, so that additional carbon dioxide is released and the water begins to bubble. The process intensified so much that the water finally rises and exits depending on the diameter of the bore and the supply of carbon dioxide as a surge or fountain from the top opening. The carbon dioxide concentration in groundwater decreases by the gas and water outlet until the reaction comes to a standstill. Following the eruption of the process begins anew. This process can be controlled by sealing the borehole ( eruption control). Technical eruption control is known so far in the Kaltwassergeysiren in Andernach and Soda Springs Idaho.

Occurrence

Kaltwassergeysire there especially in passive volcanic regions, such as the volcanic Eifel, where escaping volcanic carbon dioxide mofettes and thus allows Kaltwassergeysire. Most Kaltwassergeysire encountered in the development of mineral waters, in Germany as in Andernach, and at the northern end of the Upper Rhine Graben between Bad Nauheim and Wiesbaden.

In Germany especially the Kaltwassergeysire the Eifel are developed for tourism. Born In Wall Wall end is Born ( popular: the Brubbel called ) an active cold water geyser ( eruption approximately every 35 minutes ( IBE), duration of eruption about 5 minutes outbreak height up to 4 meters, fountain -like). The cold water geyser Andernach is on the Namedyer Werth at Andernach ( height of the fountain in the usual technically controlled operation 50 to 60 meters, like a nozzle ).

In Slovakia, next to the geyser in Herľany in Košice ( Kassa ) exists - interval 32 to 34 hours duration of the eruption about 25 minutes outbreak height 20 to 30 m, nozzle-like - with the Sivá Brada be only weakly active further cold water geyser near Spišské Podhradie.

The Kaltwassergeysire the United States are primarily located in southeastern Utah, are known the Crystal Geyser at Green River (Utah ) and the Woodside Geyser (interval about 20 minutes) in Woodside (Utah ). Another well-known cold-water geyser in the United States is located in Soda Springs, Idaho (artificial interval by timer and valve: 1 hour, natural interval: unknown outbreak height 30 m). The cold water geyser is opened only when the wind is so that the nearby located buildings and shops are not soaked.

For degassing a crater lake is an independent carbon dioxide fountain on the Lake Nyos in Cameroon.