Goodyera repens
Crawling network sheet ( Goodyera repens )
Creeping Net panel ( Goodyera repens ) in the genus network sheet ( Goodyera ) is the only evergreen plant belonging to the orchid family (Orchidaceae) in Germany. It is rooted in edaphic mossy pine forests and comes in Germany regionally distributed, but overall rare.
Description
Creeping Net panel is an unassuming, delicate, evergreen and perennial herbaceous growing Geophyt, the rhizomes forms as outlasting and reaches heights of growth of about 5 to 30 centimeters.
The plant roots near the surface in moss and humus. It reproduces vegetatively by very strong side shoots of creeping rhizome. A new engines often grows over the years approach to flowering and dies thereafter. Due to this growth cycle is the network Creeping sheet the only evergreen native orchid.
Are three to eight year-round visible leaves crowded at the base of the stem. The stalked leaves, in contrast to most other monocots, a clearly visible netzadrige structure.
The slender, usually something that is skewed, eared inflorescence, including the flower stalk is hairy and carries some bracts.
The small white flowers are also strongly papillose hairs. The bloom tend to be composed glockig. The lip is about 4 mm long, bulbous at the back which rinnig forward taper to a point and bent downward.
The flowering period begins in mid- June and extends until mid- August.
Ecology
Creeping line leaf is an evergreen Hemikryptophyt. The rhizome creeping moss or humus, and is not sharply distinguished from the air sprouts. The flowering stems die shortly after flowering from together with the associated leaf rosette. It is the only evergreen orchid Germany. Tubers are not available. The plant lives in endotrophic mycorrhiza of orchids type with a mycorrhizal fungus. The fungus is a representative of the form genus Rhizoctonia ( Hyphomycetes ), which also includes, inter alia, the causative agent of root rot.
The flowers are nectar leading lip flowers from Orchis type. The sweet- smelling flowers are in light manoeuvrable multi-flowered racemes; their pollinia are granular. Pollination is by bumblebees. The flowering period begins in mid- June and extends until mid- August.
The fruits are scattered capsules, dismissed the seeds of only 0.002 mg weight; these are therefore the lightest seeds of the plant kingdom and spread as granules flyer. Fruit ripening in October.
The Vegetative propagation is lively and is carried out by stolon -like side shoots of creeping rhizome.
In Central Europe, their occurrence was favored by human forest management, in particular by modern pine afforestation.
Creeping line leaf moss grows in rich, moderately moist to moderately dry coniferous forests, mostly pine or larch forests, rare in mixed forests. This is preferably clear or semi- shady places. In Central Europe it is found mainly on base-rich soils.
Dissemination
The range of the species is very large. It covers the entire circumpolar boreal zone of the Northern Hemisphere and shines in the mountains of the temperate to meridional zones from south. Creeping Net panel comes in Europe except for the Mediterranean regions in the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Himalayas, in the East Asian mountains and in the boreal zone and in the mountains of North America.
In Germany, the main distribution points are located in the Bavarian Alps, in the Swabian and Franconian Jura, in Thuringia, North East Hesse and Lower Franconia. Outside this area of distribution it is only rarely encountered in Germany.
The denser areas of distribution in Switzerland between the rivers Aare and Rhone, Rhine and Inn. In the Alpine valleys is often associated with the heather. In the foothills of the Alps and the Swiss Jura, it is only to find scattered.
Nature protection and hazard
Like all orchid species occurring in Europe is also the network Creeping sheet under strict protection of European and national laws.
- Red lists:
- Red List of Germany: -
- Red List states: Baden- Württemberg: V, Bavaria: 3, Brandenburg: 0, Berlin: 0, Hamburg: 0, Hesse: 3, Mecklenburg -Western Pomerania: 1, Lower Saxony / Bremen: 1, North Rhine -Westphalia: n, Rhineland- Palatinate: 3, Saarland: 1, Saxony: 0, Saxony -Anhalt: 2, Schleswig -Holstein: 0, Thuringia: -.
Creeping Net panel is threatened to secondary sites in particular by natural succession. If pine forests are infiltrated by deciduous trees and eventually develop into mixed forests, the orchid disappears very quickly.
System
The Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus gave the type in 1753 in his work Species Plantarum the name Satyrium repens. The Scottish botanist Robert Brown in 1813 related to this basionym, but the plant species of the genus Goodyera located below.
In addition, there are other synonyms:
- Epipactis repens (L.) Crantz 1769
- Serapias repens (L.) Vill. 1787
- Neottia repens (L.) Sw. 1800
- Orchis repens (L.) Poir Eyster ex. 1805
- Peramium repens (L.) Salisb. 1812
- Gonogona repens (L.) Link in 1822
- Elasmatium repens (L.) Dulac 1867
- Orchiodes repens (L.) Kuntze 1891
Gallery
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) small population
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) inflorescence
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) Flowers.
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) foliage
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) Bud break in March
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) Seed heads and young leaves
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) burgeoning plant
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens )
Crawling Network Journal ( Goodyera repens ) rosette of leaves