Gosplan

Gosplan (Russian Госплан; IPA: [ gʌsplan ] ) was the Committee for Economic Planning of the Soviet Union, comparable to the State Planning Commission in the GDR. The word " Gosplan " is an acronym: the full name of the institution changed frequently, mostly in connection with changing subordination of the Committee, a basic component, however, was from 1923 to 1948 and from 1955 to 1957 Gossudarstwennaja planowaja komissija (Russian Государственная плановая комиссия, literally State Planning Commission ), 1948-1955 and 1957-1991 Gossudarstwenny planowy komitet (Russian Государственный плановый комитет, literally State Planning Committee ). The main tasks were in drafting the five-year plans of the USSR.

History

The Gosplan was established by the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR on 22 February 1921. The original goal of the newly created organization was the completion of the electrification plan GOELRO and the restructuring of the economy. In the first years came as tasks nor the creation of plans for the development of foreign trade and transportation. With time, from an imaginary only as a temporary institution a well-established structure of state administration, whose main task in 1927 was the development of the Five-Year Plan of the USSR. For this purpose, a Central Commission for the future planning was established within the Gosplan, which was headed by leading business experts. In the same year the Zentralgosplan in Moscow were all similar organizations in other Soviet republics subordinates.

From 1930 to 1948 Gosplan took over in addition to his other duties, the conduct of statistical surveys and from 1939 to 1948 the control of the innovation and rationalization measures in the economy.

During the Second World War Gosplan headed all the plans for mobilization and conversion of the economy to war production and coordinated the installation of hundreds of companies affected by the German advance western regions of the Soviet Union in the eastern regions, to Central Asia and Siberia. Gosplan was responsible for the distribution of strategic resources and often took over direct control of particularly important factories and mills. As of August 1943, dealt with the plans for the reconstruction of devastated areas and the relocation of the evacuated enterprises.

Since 1957 Gosplan was the single authority for the current and future economic planning. During the reforms in the mid- 1960s were initiated by the then head of the Soviet Union Kosygin, Gosplan had both the territorial and production-related planning perform and developed a scheme for the uniform distribution of various industries all over the area of the Soviet Union. At the same time they tried to promote an economically long- term planning, taking you off as the possible target predictability for the next 20 years, and to pay particular attention to in this regard " underdeveloped " areas of the country.

Within the Gosplan several semi-autonomous commissions were created during this period, such as the State Commission of Experts, in all the leading economists of the country were active, the Institute of Economics, the Institute of Planning and standardization, the Institute for the complex transportation problems, the central data center, which figured the planning capacity for the entire Soviet Union, etc.

The desire to control everything and to plan down to the smallest detail, resulting in unnecessary centralization of the economy and took the superintendents on site any initiative and influence. The bureaucratization had the inefficiency and waste of resources for, which in turn led to bottlenecks in the supply of consumer goods.

Gosplan changed several times its official name. It functioned from 1921 to 1923 under the name "State Total planning Commission to the Council of Labor and Defense " and 1923-1946 as the " State Planning Commission, the Council of People's Commissars ". Between 1955 and 1957 Gosplan was divided into two independent organizations: the State Economic Committee for the ongoing planning of the national economy and the State Committee for future planning of the economy. From 1962 it was called the " Gosplan ", which was not changed until the collapse of the Soviet Union.

The chairman of Gosplan were members of the respective governments of the USSR and since 1938 almost without exception also Deputy or First Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars and the Council of Ministers.

Chairman of Gosplan

  • Gleb Maximilianowitsch Krzyzanowski ( February 1921-11. December 1923 )
  • Alexander Dmitrievich Zjurupa (11 December 1923-18. November 1925 )
  • Gleb Maximilianowitsch Krzyzanowski (20 November 1925-10. November 1930 )
  • Valerian Vladimirovich Kuibyshev (10 November 1930-25. April 1934 )
  • Valeri Ivanovich Mezhlauk (25 April 1934-25. February 1937 )
  • Gennady Ivanovich Smirnov ( 25 February to 17 October 1937)
  • Valeri Ivanovich Mezhlauk ( 17 October to 1 December 1937)
  • Nikolai Alekseevich Voznesensky (1 December 1937-10. March 1941 )
  • Maxim Sacharowitsch Saburoff (10 March 1941-8. February 1942 )
  • Nikolai Alekseevich Voznesensky (8 February 1942-5. March 1949 )
  • Maxim Sacharowitsch Saburoff (5 March 1949-5. March 1953 )
  • Grigory Petrovich Kosjachenko (5 March 1953-29. June 1953 )
  • Maxim Sacharowitsch Saburoff (29 June 1953-25. May 1955 )
  • Nikolai Konstantinovich Baibakov (25 May 1955-3. May 1957 )
  • Iosif Iosifovich Kuzmin (3 May 1957-20. March 1959 )
  • Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin (20 March 1959-4. May 1960 )
  • Vladimir Nikolaevich Novikov (4 May 1960-17. July 1962 )
  • Veniamin Emanuilowitsch Dymschitz ( 17 July to 24 November 1962)
  • Pyotr Faddejewitsch Lomako (24 November 1962-2. October 1965 )
  • Nikolai Konstantinovich Baibakov (2 October 1965-14. October 1985)
  • Nikolai Vladimirovich Talysin (14 October 1985-5. February 1988)
  • Yuri Dmitrievich Masljukow (5 February 1988-14 January 1991. )

Institute at the Gosplan of the USSR

  • Institute of Economics 1955-1991
  • Council for the Exploration of economic forces 1960-1991
  • Institute of Complex Transport Problems 1954-1991
  • Institute for complex energy and fuel problems 1974-1991
  • Institute of planning and standardization 1960-1991
  • Institute for Economic Research 1929-1938
  • Central Institute for technical information of the coal industry 1957-1959
  • Institute for the planning of enterprises of nonferrous metallurgy " Giprozwetmet " 1957-1960

Commissions of the Gosplan

  • Special Commission on the affairs of the Trust Administration, 1923-1925
  • State Commission of Experts
  • The Inter-ministerial Commission for the economic reforms
  • The Committee for the award of concessions
  • The Council for techno-economic appraisal.
International Phonetic Alphabet Council of People's Commissars Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic GOELRO plan Alexander Tsiurupa Valery Mezhlauk Nikolai Voznesensky Maksim Saburov Yuri Maslyukov
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