Greek drachma
1 EUR = 340.750 GRD 100 GRD = 0.293470 EUR
Drachma (Greek δραχμή drachmí, plural δραχμές Drachmes; derived from δράσσειν, Attic δράττειν " take, take ,"; literally " Taken " in the sense of " a handful " ) is the name of an ancient weight and coin unit as well as the modern former monetary unit Greece from 1831 to 2001. since 1923 the drachma was issued by the Bank of Greece.
The ancient drachma
The ancient drachma ( in ancient times also δραχμóν, Pl δραχμά ) denotes a weight and coinage of silver, rarely of copper and gold ( Ptolemies ). She was spread throughout the Hellenic culture and was influenced by many cities. The first coins show pictures of animals, usually speaking arms of the cities were and go back to the 6th century BC.
Because of the compression technology drachmas are usually worked out flat and convex on the front very plastic on the back. The imprints show a high artistic level and are very finely worked. This meant that since the Renaissance beautiful imprints were collected.
Monetary standard
The ancient coinage were silver as a precious metal and the Near Eastern unit mass of talent based, which was divided into 60 mines. Some cities coined from a mine 100 silver drachmas, other 50 Stater.
Common coins
Artistically designed mines were indeed influenced, but were much too large and valuable for everyday use. Continuous nominal addition to 1 drachma coins were in the eastern area tetradrachms (4 drachms ) in Magna Graecia, ie Southern Italy and Sicily, didrachms (2 drachms ). It also Dekadrachmen (10 drachmas ) were isolated coined in the Hellenistic period and Ptolemaic Oktadrachmen (8 drachmas ) in gold. Quite often the Hemidrachme ( Halbdrachme ) was equal to 1 Tribolo ( coin worth three oboloi ).
Drachmas were often marked without inscriptions. The dating can be carried out only on the basis of stylistic features and little is exact.
The Greek drachma in ancient coinage
The mite ( altgr. ὀβολός Obolos, plural ὀβολοί oboloi ) is the smallest unit that was, however, occasionally split into additional units, up to the Achtelobolus ( Chalkus, AltGr. Χαλκός " copper ").
The modern drachma
The modern Greek drachma (Greek Eλληνική δραχμή ) is the former monetary unit of Greece.
Subunit was the Lepto ( λεπτό ( ν ), plural λεπτά ); 100 Lepta give a drachma. ISO 4217 Code GRD was. The currency symbol of the drachma was ₯ (often written as Δρ ).
The drachma was introduced in 1831 as the Greek currency and sparked the phoenix ( Φοίνιξ gr ) from which the first currency of Greece was from 1828 to 1831 after gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire. The name comes from the ancient coin and unit weight of the drachma.
As from 1868, Greece has been a member of the Latin Monetary Union. Thus, the drachma was tied to the other currencies of the Union in the ratio 1:1. The scheme closed from paper money, this loophole exploited Italy and Greece in order to increase the paper money in circulation for the no precious metal cover longer existed. Greece was excluded and punishes for this approach, two years later, however, resumed. The drachma was devalued twice in the 20th century, this was a side effect and consequence of World War 2: The first was 1944 drachma vice changes in the ratio of 50.000.000.000:1 the second drachma because the occupiers had increased circulation of money and goods alike deduction, the second was 1954 drachma vice changes in the ratio of 1000:1 for third drachma. The drachma was part of the Bretton Woods system, and from 1954 until its dissolution in 1973 pegged to the U.S. dollar at a ratio 30:1. In the 1980s, the inscriptions were changed to notes and coins in the current form of language, exceptions were the 50 and 100 drachmas bill that were still labeled in Katharevousa, as they should be abolished. It could be observed that these certificates obtained a high symbolic value, therefore, the central bank continues expended a small number of items. In contrast, unpopular and not accepted were the 1 and 2 drachma coins, which continued with the 1 and 2 cent coins. The coins had with 500 the highest nominal value commemorative coins for the Olympics 2004. Recent coinage was a series of one - drachma coins in gold instead of copper.
2001, Greece joined the European Monetary Union, two years after the eleven founding members. The drachma was so tied to the euro, and in proportion 340.750 GRD = 1 EUR. In 2002, introduced simultaneously with the other euro countries, the euro cash, and the drachma disappeared. The term leptons, was incorporated as a Greek name for the euro cents and is also used on the backs of the Greek euro coins.