Guanidine nitrate

• Guanidine nitrate
• Guanidinsalpeter

White, almost odorless solid

Fixed

1.44 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)

215 ° C

Decomposes before boiling ( 250 ° C)

Moderately in water ( 160 g · l-1 at 20 ° C)

Attention

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Guanidinumnitrat, the guanidine salt of nitric acid is a transparent to white, oxidising crystalline solid.

Representation

Guanidine nitrate can be represented by introducing nitric acid in guanidine or guanidinium carbonate. The reaction can be strongly exothermic, so the temperature must be constantly monitored. Another possibility is the common heating of ammonium nitrate with urea or dicyandiamide to about 200 degrees Celsius. While the reaction mixture is liquid, it must be protected against any shock and must not be stirred, since mechanical disorders can lead to a rapid temperature rise, resulting in that the reaction goes through and uncontrollable side reactions occur.

Properties

Guanidine forms colorless crystals having a melting point of 215 ° C. It is readily soluble in water ( 46.4 g / l at room temperature) and alcohol. Guanidine nitrate is explosive, oxidising substance with similar properties, such as ammonium nitrate. In the steel sleeve test results in a limiting diameter of 2.5 cm. The lead block expansion of 240 g cm3/10 The connection is not shock or friction sensitive -. However, it can be brought on by a primer with booster detonated. With some organic substances and some metal powders, it also forms highly explosive mixtures. The heat of explosion is 2449 kJ · kg -1. In contrast to most other organic nitric acid salts such as urea nitrate, it reacts not acidic in aqueous solution. This owes to the strong basic character of the guanidine. Although it is an organic nitrate, but it is not a nitric acid esters such as for example, glycerol nitrate or cellulose nitrate.

Use

During the Second World War it was from lack of raw materials used in combination with ammonium nitrate and additions of RDX in fusible mixtures. Today, it serves mainly as a starting material for the synthesis of nitroguanidine.

Terms of Use

Sales to private end-users is subject to the provisions of the Regulation of Chemical Interdiction, hazardous substances acc. Ordinance on Hazardous Substances (D) (not listed in Directive 67/548/EEC, Annex 1).