Guanylate cyclase 2C

Guanylate cyclase -C ( GC-C, also: hSTAR ) is the protein in the cell membrane of the intestinal cells, which acts on the outer side of the membrane as a receptor for both uroguanylin and guanylin peptide hormones. In case of such bond the seated on the membrane inside enzyme domain is activated. It catalyzes the biosynthesis of cGMP from GTP, whereupon cGMP induces a signaling cascade inside the cell, which leads to increased excretion of water and chloride out of the cell. GC - C is involved so much in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance. In addition to the receptor bind the heat-stable enterotoxin ( STa ) of E. coli, leading to uncontrolled excretion and thus to diarrhea.

Of receptor GC-C is composed of three sub-units, also called domains:

  • The extracellular ligand binding domain, consisting of about 410 amino acids
  • A transmembrane domain of approximately 25 residues and
  • An intracellular domain of approximately 620 amino acids.
Human Genome Organisation Lyase Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Guanosine triphosphate Signal transduction
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