Gustav Bischof

Karl Gustav Bischof ( born January 18, 1792 in Wöhrd, today the city of Nuremberg, † November 30, 1870 in Bonn) was a geologist and chemist.

Bishop studied since 1810 in Erlangen first mathematics and astronomy, then chemistry and physics, habilitated there in 1819 Professor of Chemistry and Technology in Bonn, in 1822 Professor of Chemistry and died November 30, 1870.

Early Works

• Textbook of stoichiometry (Erlangen, 1819);
• The development of plant matter ( with Nees von Esenbeck, das. 1819);
• Textbook of pure chemistry (Bonn 1824, Vol 1);
• Physical- statistical description of the Fichtelgebirge ( with Georg August Goldfuß, Nuremberg 1817, 2 vols ).

Works on the formation of mountain masses

In addition to his early works gave Bishop a number of geological work, in which he represented entirely new views on the formation of mountain masses. This subheading includes:

• " The thermodynamics of the interior of our earth system (Leipzig 1837);
• About the glaciers and their relations with the uplift of the Alps ( 1843) and
• On the Origin of quartz and veins (1844 ).

Geological exploration of mineral sources and analysis

Bishop served as the geologist geological exploration of new, still in use today mineral water springs in the Ahr valley. In 1832 he drilled an additional source of the famous 1565 Heppinger fountain. In 1852 he developed with Georg Kreuzberg, the founder of Apollinaris, which is only 800 meters from the fountain Heppinger remote Apollinaris source. The social contract between Georg Kreuzberg and Karl Gustav Bischof in 1857 disbanded. Bishop also was involved in the chemical analysis of the ingredients of various mineral springs, for example, published in the Ahr valley leader from 1835 Heppinger analysis of mineral and medicinal water.

Works on mineral springs

• The volcanic mineral springs of Germany and France (Bonn 1826) and
• The mineral springs Roisdorf (Bonn 1825);

Later works

In the years 1837-40 Bishop began research on the evolving combustible gases in coal mines and on the Safety lamps. The prize essay Des moyens de l' exploitation des mines de soustrahe houille aux dangers d' explosion (Brussels 1840) is hereby related. Also a technical activity he developed by the white lead factory in Burgbrohl founded on the powerful Kohlensäureexhalationen around the Laacher See in 1829 in the coal formation at Saarbrücken an excellent material for refractory vessels discovered and devoted several years of improving metallurgical processes.

But the main work of the bishop is his textbook of chemical and physical geology (Bonn 1847-54, 2 vols, 2nd edition, 1863-66, 3 vols; Supplement 1871), in which for the first time with consistency on the chemical and mechanical effects on formation of the rocks was pointed and what the latest reversal brought about as a result in the development of geology. His 1842 and 1843 held in Bonn public lectures published in 1843 printed. He also issued letters to a Popular educated lady over the entire areas of the natural sciences ( Pforzheim. and Bonn 1848-49, 2 vols ).

His last book was: The shape of the earth and of the sea surface and the seabed erosion (Bonn 1867). With Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger Bishop got to the editors of the Journal of Chemistry and Physics 21 band.

Honors

A 1877 newly discovered mineral was named in his honor as bishofite.