Gustave Lefebvre
Désiré Gustave Louis Lefebvre ( born July 18, 1879 in Bar-le- Duc, † November 1, 1957 in Versailles) was a French Egyptologist and philologist.
Life and work
1896 completed the baccalauréat in Nancy Lefebvre and attended from 1896 to 1897, the Lycée Louis -le- Grand in Paris. Then he went to the Sorbonne, where he agrégation de grammaire received in 1900. From 1900 to 1904 he spent as a member of the École française d' Athènes in Athens and traveled Lydia and Caria in Asia Minor. In addition to his studies of the Hellenistic antiquity he dealt with the Middle Egyptian and Coptic language.
1902 Lefebvre went to Egypt and led by Pierre Jouguet excavations in the Fayyum. In 1903 and 1904 he dug in Tihna el -Gebel in Middle Egypt. In 1905 he was appointed by Gaston Maspero in Assiut to the inspector of the Antiquities Service. During this time he devoted himself next to the publication of four newly discovered comedies of Menander the publication of Greek inscriptions from Egypt. 1914 Lefebvre returned back to France to make during the First World War military service. He was, from 1919 to 1928 curator of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. In 1919, he dug up the grave of the famous Tuna el -Gebel Petosiris and published it later in three volumes.
In 1928 he returned to France and became a Directeur d' études at the École pratique des hautes études appointed. In 1928 and 1929 he habilitated with the work Histoire des grands - prêtres d' Amon de Karnak jusqu'à la XXIème dynasty and Inscriptions concernant les Grands Prêtres d' Amon Rome- Roy et Amenhotep. 1948 Lefebvre resigned for health reasons in retirement. The Presidency of the Société Française d' Egyptologie, whose member he had been since 1944, he was also on.
Lefebvre's publication of the tomb of Petosiris is certainly one of the best known of his works today. In addition to the editions of Greek and hieroglyphic texts in particular is the 1940 First published Grammaire de l' EGYPTIEN classique, to name a standard grammar of Middle Egyptian language. Well-known French Egyptologist Jacques Vandier, Georges Posener, François Daumas, Jean Leclant, Jean Vercoutter, Serge Sauneron, Jean Yoyotte Christiane Desroches -Noble or Court were among his pupils.
Writings (selection )
- Une chapelle de Ramsès II à Abydos, 1906.
- Fragments d' un manuscrit de Ménandre, 1907 (1911 ).
- Recueil des inscriptions de l' Egypte grecques chrétiennes, 1908.
- Les graffites grecs you Memnomion d' Abydos, 1919.
- Le tombeau de Petosiris, 3 vols, 1923-1924.
- Histoire des grands prêtres d' Amon de Karnak, 1929.
- Grammaire de l' égyptien classique, 1940.
- Romans et contes de l' époque égyptiens pharaonique, 1948.
- Essai sur la médecine de l' époque égyptienne pharaonique, 1956.
- Romans et contes de l' époque égyptiens pharaonique, Librairie d' Amérique et d' Orient, 1988.