Habesha people
The term Have Saddle ( Amharic habäša, Tigrinya ḥabäša; sometimes: Amharic Abesha, አበሻ abäša; Arabic al - aḥbāš الأحباش; outside the German-speaking countries sometimes Habesha ) referred to in its narrower, historical sense members of the Semitic -speaking peoples of the Amhara and Tigray / Tigrinya in the Ethiopian highlands, but is also used in a broader sense for all Ethiopians and Eritreans. The ethnic groups are indeed very similar, but speak different - albeit related - languages.
Religion
The population of Ethiopia is divided officially divided almost equally between Muslims in Islam (Sunni ) and Christians (Ethiopian Tewahedo Orthodox Church, Protestants, Catholics, Orthodox ). The Christian faith was - unlike many other peoples of Africa - not spread by European colonization. The Have- damage Christians belong rather to the oldest Christian communities in the world. In the Bible, Taufgeschichten find (for example, in Acts 8:26 ff EU the story of Philip and the Ethiopian eunuch ), which can be dated to the period around 50. Unlike the Roman churches there are in Ethiopia and Eritrea an unbroken linguistic tradition of Christianity, as it has been used from time immemorial as Ge'ez Klerikalsprache. Islam is represented in Ethiopia since about 615. Have Saddle Muslim Sunnis are usually. In addition, some Sufi orders are represented in the country.
The number of Jewish possessions damage (see: Ethiopian Jews ) is very small today; according to Israeli sources less than 1300 people. As part of Operation Moses, many Jewish possessions damage settled in Israel.
The Christians in Eritrea live mainly in the plateau around Asmara and the Muslim part of the population mainly in the lowlands and near the coast. In addition to Islam, the Roman Catholic Church, the Evangelical Lutheran Churches and the Orthodox Christian churches are licensed by the state. Religious minorities, which do not belong to the officially approved, Jehovah's especially evangelical groups and witnesses, particularly since 2002, affected by state repression
Cultural similarities
Cross-border sharing Have Saddle many cultural elements together, this is most evident in the common font Ge'ez.
Even the kitchen is essentially the same. Typical are large-pored, soft flat bread from sourdough ( injera ) that are eaten with sharp meat or vegetable sauces. Cereal and honey beer are also special dishes.
An interesting feature is that even Christian Have damage to follow certain dietary laws, which are very similar to Jewish Kashrut or the Islamic dietary rules. Pork is therefore not eaten at the have damage.
Striking is also the traditional way of possessions damage, prepare coffee. In this case the coffee is first roasted, and then ground in a bulbous vessel ( Jabana ) boiled several times. From a portion of coffee is then washed several times - three times in the rule - made coffee. The entire preparation, including the roasting takes place in the circle of guests.
Population
The number of possessions damage varies depending on the source of 32-75 million, with a value of less than 35 million probably is (all Amhara, Tigrinya and Tigray ). A significant number Have Saddle lives outside of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to joshuaproject.net the following figures result: Ethiopia: 29.3 million, Eritrea: 2.3 million; United States of America: 250,000; Sudan: 111,000; United Kingdom: 75,000; Israel: 64.000; Italy: 53,000; Yemen: 18,000; Canada: 16,000; Egypt: 6,000; Germany: 6,000; Djibouti: 3500; Saudi Arabia: 1900.
Etymology of the word Have Saddle
The etymological origin of the term is unclear. A first use is found in 2 / 3 Century with respect to the Aksumite Kingdom in South Arabian inscriptions. However, the term could be much older. After a thesis Eduard Glaser (Walter W. Müller: " Habashat ", in Uhlig (ed.) Encyclopaedia aethiopica. D -Ha page 948 ) emerged, the term " ḫbstjw " as early as 1460 BC in ancient Egyptian inscriptions on and described the damage belongings. Ultimately - as Müller - can the concept of origin but because of the long period of use of today no longer assign ( Encyclopaedia aethiopica, supra). The term Have Saddle is the etymological root of the word Abyssinia.
History
The Have- Saddle share a common heritage. They are essentially descendants of the population of the core area of the Aksumite kingdom.
About the origin of the damage I have, there are various theories. After a - now probably outdated - theory they are descendants of South Arabian tribes who crossed the Red Sea, to settle on the African side. Previously, both the writing and the Ge'ez language Ge'ez was used as indication of this led. According to recent findings, however, is at least the language Ge'ez non-Arab origin.
According to another opinion, which was first released in Europe by the German orientalist Job Ludolf, correspond to the have- saddle of the population of the Kingdom of Sheba, as it is mentioned in the Old Testament. The Queen of Sheba gave birth to the Son according to the biblical account of King Solomon Ebn Melek. This was later returned as Emperor Menelik to Israel to visit his father. This was so pleased about the visit that he Menelik the son of Zadok, and with this the holy ark (according to other sources: a replica of the sacred Ark of the Covenant ) mitschickte as an accompaniment for the journey home. Menelik I was after this presentation the progenitor of the possessions damage. This representation has been, or is also supported by the Ethiopian Imperial Family.