Hamartia
The hamartia or Hamartia (Greek ἁμαρτία ) originally meant as much as not hit, miss, miss the target or misconduct, understood in the context of this article as human misconduct within the meaning of the ancient concept of understanding.
Biblical view
Only in the New Testament Hamartia is overweight used, it is here not only the misconduct alone or a particular fact meant, but constitutes the entire debt, sin in the sense of the power of the person ( Romans 5:12 LUT Gal 3, 22 LUT), the deeds ( acts 2:38 LUT LUT 3.19; Hebrews 1:3 LUT LUT 2.17 ), the nature of all men (John 9.41 LUT).
Classical tragedy
In dramaturgical sense Hamartia said the "mistake " that Aristotle assigns to the tragic hero of the ideal tragedy and these can fall from fortune to misfortune in the course of the story. Hamartia was understood here a long time as moral guilt of the hero, while the research since the 1950s emphasized the intellectual aspect of the Hamartia. Recent research, however, raises a mediator forth the entanglement of moral guilt and intellectual error: Hamartia do not hang together with the character and that was not on the one hand mere error, on the other hand, no definite subjective fault. The Hamartia therefore does not explain the theme of Attic tragedy, which has grown out of hubris " tragic guilt ". For although Aristotle refers to the tragedians, the object of his poetics is not the Attic tragedy of the fifth century, but an ideal tragedy. Therefore, already called Ulrich von Wilamowitz- Moellendorff a separation of the historical interpretation of Attic tragedy of the normative and effective aesthetically oriented tragedy theory of Aristotle.