Hans Heinrich Landolt
Hans Heinrich Landolt ( born December 5, 1831 in Zurich, . † March 15, 1910 in German -Wilmersdorf b Berlin, Germany ) was a Swiss chemist. His name is still associated with the default factory Physico-chemical tables, better known as the " Landolt- Bornstein " ( 1st edition 1883). Of 2008, the printed work more than 350 volumes, with approximately 16 volumes added annually.
Life
Landolt was born into a patrician family, the mayor and mayor of Zurich had asked. His father, Johann Heinrich Landolt (1792-1847), was Zurich's treasurer. Landolt 1850 took a degree in chemistry from the University of Zurich. Three years later, he followed his teacher Carl Lowig to Breslau, where he became in 1854 a member of the Corps Marchia.
In 1853 he received a doctorate in phil. After a short time in Berlin, he accepted an invitation from Robert Bunsen at the Ruprecht -Karls- University of Heidelberg. In 1856 he returned to Breslau, to habilitate. The Rheinische Friedrich- Wilhelms University, Bonn, Landolt appointed associate professor in 1858. When in 1868 the new laboratory building was completed, it was determined together with Friedrich Kekulé director.
In 1870, he took over the Chair of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry at the newly founded Royal Rhenish- Westphalian Polytechnic School of Aachen.
In 1881 he was appointed professor at the Royal Agricultural College in Berlin. In 1891 he took over the management of the Second Chemical Institute of the Friedrich- Wilhelms- University of Berlin in the Bunsenstraße. In a laboratory of the Physikalisch- Technical Institute, he worked even after his retirement in 1905.
Landolt was in 1859 married to Emilie sound Berg ( 1839-1914 ). Their son, Robert Landolt (1865-1932) was an ophthalmologist and professor of medicine in Strasbourg and Zurich ( not related to the inventor of the Landolt rings). The daughter Mary was married to the Berlin pharmacologists Oskar Liebreich.
Work
Landolt has been a leader working alongside Wilhelm Ostwald in the field of just establishing itself ligands physical chemistry. A first focus of his work made research on the luminescence of gases. Later he investigated the possibility of calculating the refraction of organic compounds from the Atomrefraktionen. Another important area of research Landolt and his students was the behavior of solutions of optically active substances over polarized light. In the 1890s, he performed a very detailed study on the conservation of mass in chemical reactions. He found that in the investigated reactions, the mass of it had remained constant at least up to a millionth of the amount of substance used.
Much space in Landolt's work took the development of measurement methods and the collection of chemical and physical variables. Together with Richard Bornstein he gave in 1883 the Physico- chemical tables ( the " Landolt- Bornstein " ) out. He has held a seat on the board of trustees of the Physikalisch- Technical Institute and was a member of members appointed by the German Chemical Society atomic weight Commission.
In addition, he used very good contacts with the leading Berlin instrument makers. He was a member of the German Society of Mechanics and Optics and gave together with Rudolf Fuess and Leopold Loewe heart the magazine for Organology out.
Honors
Landolt was a member of the Royal Prussian and the Russian Academy of Sciences.
In recognition of his outstanding scientific achievements as a professor of Philosophy at the Friedrich -Wilhelms- University of Kaiser Wilhelm II awarded him the Prussian Great Gold Medal for Science in January 1905. 1909 Landolt was Jacobus Henricus of van 't Hoff proposed for the Nobel Prize.
Since 1913 there are in Berlin- Dahlem a Landoltweg, since 2005, in Aachen.
1874 he was appointed by the Academic Association of chemists and metallurgists at the Polytechnic School Aachen, later Corps Montania Aachen, an honorary member.