Hanyu da zidian

The commonly referred to as a dictionary Chinese character dictionary Hanyu Da zidian (Chinese汉语大字典/汉语大字典, Pinyin Hànyǔ Da Zìdiǎn, Great Chinese character lexicon ', abbreviated HYDZD ) is a collection of individual Chinese characters in normal font ( regular script ), total therein are 54678 treated characters. It is one of the most comprehensive reference book on Chinese language and explains structure, pronunciation and meaning of the characters. It complies with the research results from past and present, its focus: character building, pronunciation and meaning are well coordinated.

Structure and details

The individual characters are first given in normal type, then the representative forms of the oracle bone inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, the Small seal script, the Lishu font (one herrührrende from the small seal script, simplified clerical script, which was used in the Han period ) listed, which demonstrate the changes in the structure or lowercase of each character; furthermore explains in a condensed form the history of the character.

Under the point of debate is in the first place, as far as possible, given the modern debate on a Lautumschriftschema the Pinyin spelling.

Specified :; ( Ancient Chinese Middle Chinese engl or earlier by Bernhard Karlgren中古 音zhōnggǔyīn. ) According to the traditional method fanqie the pronunciation of Middle Chinese the same time. This mostly after the song temporal rhyme dictionaries Guangyun (广韵/广韵, Guǎngyùn ) and Jiyun (集 韵/集 韵, Jiyun ), less systematically according to the phonological glosses to classic works of Lu Deming陆德明/陆德明( 556-627 ) in his Jingdian Shiwen经典释文from the early Tang period.

The articulation of the ancient Chinese or antique Chinese (上古音, shànggǔyīn; engl Old Chinese or earlier by Bernhard Karlgren. Archaic Chinese) (韵 部, Yunbu韵 部/ ) be as per prepared by modern research 30 old rhyme classes specified.

Under the dot character meaning not only common common meanings common common characters rarely used characters are treated, but also rarely used meanings in common of common characters and meanings examined and explained, according to in addition, the meanings of characters in fixed collocations of several characters (these being usually be special Zweisilbler, such as蟋蟀, xīshuài ( cricket ) or珊瑚, Shanhu ( Coral) understood ) whose characters taken alone have no meaning. Also important are his statements to be used in the historical practice exchange characters or Lehnschreibungen (通 假, tōngjiǎ ) in which homophonic characters (with otherwise different meaning ) is used instead of the actual character.

In the Hanyu Da zidian is a character lexicon, the words from the written language predominantly treated, such as from the classical Chinese literary language (文言, wenyan ). In contrast, the Hanyu Da Cidian汉语大词典/汉语大词典( Great Chinese Dictionary ) a dictionary in the traditional sense, with the emphasis on the most polysyllabic words (词/词, cí ) as spoken mainly in the occurring language is.

The explanations and examples modern simplified characters and symbols have been used everywhere else traditional characters.

In the appendix of the book, a 2965 title is comprehensive bibliography of the sources used, which is cum grano salis arranged chronologically. It is divided into six columns with the following information: Serial number ( 1-2965 ) (序号/序号, Xuhao ), name of the author or compiler, (编著 者/编著 者, biānzhùzhě ), book title (书名/书名Shuming ), abbreviation ( the book's title ) (简称/简称, jiǎnchēng ), important (old ) editions or prints (主要 版本, zhǔyào bǎnběn ), relied on reference works and issues on which reference is made in the main part (参考书 及其 版本/参考书 及其 版本, cānkǎoshū Jiqi bǎnběn ).

On the often relied on new text finds from archaeological sources ( Mawangdui, Houma, Wuwei, Shuihudi, Yinqueshan etc.) and works on the oracle bone inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, stone inscriptions, among others is usually indicated in the diagrams with complicated abbreviations.

For example, it is in the abbreviation "前" ( qián ) in the chart for the first keyword to the as zidian listed in the bibliography of Hanyu under the number 2751 book titles殷墟 书 契 前 编/殷墟 书 契 前 编, Yinxu Shuqi Qianbian of罗振玉/ 罗振玉, Luo Zhenyu from 1911, a work that the small circle of Western oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions friends since at least the phonological pioneering work of Bernhard Karlgren: the Grammata Serica (abbreviated GS ) or the reviewed version of this work: the Grammata Serica Recensa (abbreviation GSR) from 1957 is very familiar.

Together with the editorial team of the aforementioned twelve-volume dictionary Hanyu Da Cidian to which there is an alphabetical index, an array of characters under 200 Class heads ( " radicals" ) was adopted. Is the symbol index is, as usual according to the number of additional lines.

The work was supported by Xu Zhongshu (徐 中 舒, 1898-1991 ) et al. edited. The eight-volume edition of the work was published in 1986-1990 jointly by the Hubei Dictionary Press and the lexicographical Sichuan Publishing House. A content- identical volume edition in the small print (缩印 本/缩印 本suōyìnběn, ) was published in 1993.

Recently, the great signs inventory of Hanyu is zidian as incorporated in a database of Chinese characters at the University of Munich.