Hauyne
- Latialit
- Hauyne
- Hauynite
- Na5 - 6Ca2 [ (SO4, Cl ) 2 | Al6Si6O24 ]
- Na3Ca ( Si3Al3 ) O12 (SO4)
Haüyn ( Germanized also Hauyne, outdated hauynite, pronunciation [ ha'ɥi: n] ) is a rarely occurring mineral from the mineral class of " silicates and Germanates ". It crystallizes in the cubic crystal system with the composition Na5 - 6Ca2 [ (SO4, Cl ) 2 | Al6Si6O24 ], ie chemically is a sodium calcium aluminosilicate with [ SO4 ] 2 - and chloride as an additional anions.
Haüyn usually develops only millimeter-sized crystals of predominantly blue color and glass-like shine. In rare cases, however, already white, brown, yellow, gray, green, green, blue and orange-red Haüyne were found.
Special Features
Haüyn heard as a member of the sodalite to Foiden. The mineral is transparent to translucent, has a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6 and a density of 2.4 g / cm ³. The chemical composition of Haüyn is difficult to determine, as very often are complex solid solutions between different members of the sodalite group (mainly sodalite, nosean and Lasurit ). Therefore, in the literature different chemical formulas are called, newer sources give idealized as Na3Ca ( Si3Al3 ) O12 (SO4) at.
Occasionally shows up yellow orange under long-wave UV light and under short-wave ultraviolet light pink to red-orange fluorescence.
Etymology and history
Haüyn was first discovered by Abbé Gismondi on Lake Nemi (Italian Lago di Nemi) in the Italian region Latium and 1803 described in an unpublished mineralogical treatise as Latialit. He gave his paper to the Danish scholar Tønnes Christian Bruun - Neergaard (1776-1824) on, who used it on 25 May in 1807 as the basis for a lecture in the class of Sciences of the National Institute to present the new mineral of the public. Since it was at that time mostly refused to appoint minerals after their first location and the new mineral was also found also already on Monte Somma, beat Bruun - Neergaard before, the new mineral after the French mineralogist René -Just Haiiy (1743-1822 ) as Hauyne (now correct: to denote Haüyn ).
Classification
In the now outdated but still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification by Strunz the Haüyn belonged to the department of " framework silicates ( tectosilicates ), with zeolites ", where he along with Bicchulith, hydrosodalite, Kamaishilith, Lazurite, nosean, sodalite, tsaregorodtsevite and Tugtupite the " sodalite series" with the system no. VIII/J.11 formed.
The 9th edition used since 2001 and valid by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA ) of the Strunz'schen Mineral classification assigns the Haüyn in the department of " framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) without zeolitic H2O" one. This division, however, is further subdivided according to the possible presence of additional anions, so that the mineral is found according to its composition in the subsection " framework silicates ( tectosilicates ) with additional anions ," where, along with Bicchulith, Danalith, Genthelvin, Helvin, Kamaishilith lazurite, nosean, sodalite, tsaregorodtsevite and tugtupite the " sodalite Danalith group " with the system no. 9.FB.10 forms.
The mostly commonly used in English-speaking classification of minerals according to Dana assigns the Haüyn in the department of " framework silicates: Al- Si lattice " field. Here he is with sodalite, nosean, Lazurite, Bicchulith, Kamaishilith, Tugtupite and tsaregorodtsevite in the " sodalite " with the system no. 76.02.03 within the subdivision " framework silicates: Al- Si lattice, feldspar and related species " to find.
Education and Locations
Haüyn formed in SiO2 - undersaturated ( silicon- poor, alkaline ) volcanics during the late phase of magmatic Differentiationsfolge. With explosive volcanic eruptions it is thrown out from the depths of the earth's crust. The fallout contains volcanic ash, pumice, tuff and slag. Accompanying minerals occur among others titaniferous andradite, apatite, augite, biotite, leucite, melilite, nepheline, phlogopite and sanidine.
" Fine ," that is for the jewelery industry and usable facettierbare Haüyne are mainly found in the ashes and Bimsschichten that cover the area around the Laacher lake near Mendig and Nickenich in the volcanic Eifel. Even the largest known to date Haüynkristall with about 3.2 centimeters in diameter, was in early October 2012 from a hobby collector of the Eifel found and since the beginning of 2013 in the possession of the TU Freiberg. At present, the crystal in the Kruger house " German minerals " of the foundation is to visit " Mineralogical Collection Germany " in the exhibition.
Other known localities in Germany are next to the Eifel, you still head high and Hirzberg in the Black Forest as well as several points Fund at the Kaiser Chair in Baden- Württemberg, the quarry " Rossberg " in Roßdorf in the Hessian Odenwald,
In Austria Haüyn could previously only be found on Pauliberg and on Stradner Kogel and Switzerland one knows the mineral so far only from Beringen SH and Reiat in the canton of Schaffhausen.
Worldwide Locations include Badakhshan in Afghanistan, Armenia, the island of Tasmania off Australia, Itaju do Colônia in the Brazilian state of Bahia, Sumaco and Pan de Azucar in the Ecuadorian province of Napo, Nunavut and Quebec in Canada, Auvergne and Rhône -Alpes in France and the French colony of Tahiti, Kangerlussuaq in Greenland, Los Archipelago in Guinea, several regions in Italy, the northern regions of Russia, Dalarna and Uppland in Sweden, the Canary Islands and Catalonia in Spain, and in several states of the USA.
Morphology
You can usually find Haüyn as very small (approximately 1 to 2 mm), rounded pieces. Crystals about 5 mm are very rare to find. Hauyne is rarely found in perfect crystals. Normally, the individual crystals are grown together with other minerals.
Crystal structure
Haüyn crystallizes in the cubic crystal system in space group P43n ( Raumgruppen-Nr. 218 ) with the lattice parameters a = 9.12 Å, and one formula unit per unit cell.
Use
Although Haüyn was first found in Italy, comes the best Haüyne in gem quality and the coveted neon blue color mainly from the Eifel. International sources repeatedly mention also white, gray, yellow, green, purple or red Haüyne. Haüyn in pumice is lighter and smaller ( 1-2 mm ) than in basaltic lapilli (<5 mm).
Only transparent, accurate and intensely colored Haüynkristalle be ground and made into jewelry stones. Due to the perfect in several axial directions of the crystal cleavage, however, the stone reacts to all kinds of pressure ( cutting, setting, ultrasonic cleaning) and changes in heat ( soldering, spot lamps) very sensitive. The value of a faceted Haüyns increases therefore the more, the bigger it is.