Heller (money)
A Heller, also called Haller and hlr. abbreviated, is a former German coin of the value of half a penny, named after the town of Hall am Kocher (today: Schwäbisch Hall ), then Latin denarius Hallensis or Hallensis denarius. There ( Häller pennies ) were minted since about 1228 two-sided, silver pennies, the " Handel Heller " were called, as they are mostly abbildeten a hand. The Heller were gradually deteriorated so that they were no more silver coins. A distinction was white, red and black Heller; on the Reichstaler figured you 576 Heller. After the Second World War there was heller only in Czechoslovakia and Hungary ( Filler ).
Germany
In the electorate of Hesse, the silver penny was divided into 12 Heller, so that the Light of the Prussian penny was the same. Three farthings were copper 1 ½ - penny pieces that were minted in Saxony- Gotha.
In the southern German region was 8 Heller = 4 Pfennig = 1 cruiser and 4 Kreuzer = 1 chunk.
As part of the silver dime currency of Wettin was, for example, 1490: 24 Bright = 12 Pfennig = 2 half sword pennies = 1 dime Spitz. The Heller Heller were hollow, similar to the Thüringer hollow pennies as in the article " mint Langensalza " are shown.
With the changeover to the single currency Reich Mark and Pfennig by the Coinage Act of 9 July 1873, Bright, like all other old currency units disappeared (except the simple Vereinstaler which circulated until 1907 ). Only the last Bavarian Heller of the former club Gulden currency were a considerable period after 1878 ½ pf coins of the new Goldmark National Currency in Bavaria valid.
The Heller existed as silver weight of 1/ 512 of the weight marrow.
Austria
In the gold currency of Austria-Hungary Heller was the hundredth part of a crown. From this tradition, the names still in use today in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary derived.
Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia
The Czechoslovak, Slovak and the Czech crown was divided into 100 Heller. The corresponding translation is haler in Czech or Halíř, majority haléře, halíře, haleru, Haliru etc., in the Slovak halier, majority haliere or halierov.
The coins with the Heller- values were taken in the Czech Republic since 1993 gradually removed from circulation. In Slovakia, the first Heller coins of Czechoslovakia were used in 1993 's coins were minted, but only the values 10, 20 (valid until 2003) and 50 Heller, who also became invalid with the introduction of the euro in 2008.
Hungary
Even the Hungarian Fillér, the small monetary unit to forint, is derived from the word Heller.
German East Africa
The Heller lived to a temporary resurgence in German East Africa. There, the rupee was divided into 100 Heller instead of the previously usual 64 Pesa 1904-1918. There were minted coins of 1 /2, 1, 5, 10 and 20 Heller.
Culture reference
A Bright and a chunk - known students and soldiers' song by Albert von Schlippenbach (text) and Franz Kugler ( music).