Henricus Regius

Henricus Regius ( Hendrik de Roy and Henry de Roy, born July 29, 1598 Utrecht, † February 19, 1679 ) was a Dutch philosopher and physician.

Life

From the marriage of Justus de Roy born in Utrecht and Tilia Wikersloot a son was born on July 29, 1598, the name Hendrik was given. Early on, his father died, so that the boy was brought up by Hadrianus de Roy, his uncle and a member of the Utrecht Municipality and later the Admiralty of Middelburg in Zeeland. After visiting the Utrecht school Regius moved in March 1616 to Franeker, in order to study law.

During a stay in Middelburg, there lived a cousin, he came by the physician Peter Betemannus for the first time with the medicine in contact. This first impression was so lasting that Regius decided to change the faculty. On October 23, 1617, he enrolled in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Groningen, but continued to study at the University of Leiden. Here he heard John Heurnius, Reinerius Bontius and Everhardius Voetius.

After several years of study he undertook a study tour that took him in first to Paris and Montpellier, where he among other things, Lazarus Riverius heard. On the onward journey to Padua, he was robbed by highwaymen, so that he - was forced to join the French army - penniless. As a soldier, he came so to Valencia, but could, after he had received money from home, continue his journey further. So he had the opportunity to study at the University of Padua, which had a very prestigious medical school and where Vesalius and Galileo had taught and William Harvey received his doctorate, and acquired on March 29, 1623 there doctorate of medicine.

On his return to Holland Regius practiced for a short time in an East Frisian village, but soon went ( 1625) to Utrecht, where he was appointed city physician. 1630 he moved to Naarden to practice medicine and became rector of a Latin grammar school. At this time, almost all universities were reformed - Protestant, all professors had to confess to this church. However, Regius refused, so he got into trouble, which were only resolved after prolonged disputes with the Church Council.

1634 he returned to Utrecht and married on January 21, 1634 Maria de Swert. From this marriage three sons and two daughters were born, but they all died young. His wife died on January 25 in 1670.

Under the influence of its neighbors in the Ouden Munster Trans in Utrecht, Henricus Renerius, professor at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Utrecht, he learned the new anti-Aristotelian doctrines of Descartes know you better. Renerius it was then, who arranged a contact between Regius and Descartes. Also by Renerius ' Help Regius was appointed on July 10, 1638 to Professor extraordinary of only two years old University of Utrecht and on March 18, 1639 as a full professor. At that time, he taught theoretical medicine and botany. On March 16, 1639 died Renerius. From then took over Regius its task of spreading the Cartesian teaching at the Utrecht University. But since Descartes Catholic and his teaching was banned because of this church affiliation, Regius pulled therethrough, and especially by the way, as he attacked by his boisterous demeanor and his scorn against the scholastic teaching the traditional ways of thinking, the anger and hostility of Gisbertus Voetius to. This dispute dragged on for several years, reaching its peak in 1641.

During his Professorats Regius let the teachings Harveys at the Utrecht University and defend it publicly argued against Jacobus Primerosius, a physician from Hull in England, in a font of 10 June 1640th

Throughout his Professorats Regius held twice was the rector, namely 1649/50 and 1662 /63. Until the seventies of the 17th century his life was marked by controversy with the Voetianern and after the break with Descartes in 1646 with the Cartesians.

When in 1672 the Netherlands attacked by the French army and Utrecht was taken on November 13, 1673, Regius fled, even at the advanced age of over 70 years, temporarily to Amsterdam.

With the withdrawal of French troops from the Netherlands in November 1673 demand of 450,000 guilders ransom was connected to Utrecht, muster the city and 14 hostages had to vouch for the payment of this money. Under these hostages, all reputable citizens of Utrecht, was also the old Regius. They were deported to Rees in Bocholt on November 6 and obtained as the ransom payment by the city of Utrecht dragged on, until February 4, 1674 freedom.

On February 19, 1679, died the aged Regius, which has been plagued in the last years of his life from a kidney ailment, lonely in Utrecht. He was buried on 25 February 1679 the Catherijnekerk op de long Nieuwstraat next to his opponent Voetius, who had died on November 3, 1676.

Works ( in chronological order )

• Henrici Regii Medicinae Doctoris & Professoris Spongia quality eluuntur sordes Animadversionum Quas Jacobus Primerosus Doctor Medicus Adversus Theses per Circulatione Sanguinis editIT in Academia Ultrajectina Disputatas nuper. Luguduni Batavorum, Ex officina Wilhelmi Christiani, Sumptibus Joannis Maire, 1640
• Physiologica, immersive cognitio sanitatis, tribus disputationibus in Academia Trajectina publice proposita. Traj. 1641
• Responsio seu notae in appendicem ad corllaria theologico - philosophica. Traj. 1642
• Henrici Regii Ultrajectini Fundamenta Physices. Amstelodami, apud Ludovicum Elzevirium, cum fig.
• Fundamenta Medica. Ultrajecti, apud Theodorum Ackersdijcum, 1647
• Brevis Explicatio Mentis Humanae, immersive Animae rationalis, ubi explicatur quid sit, eat & quid possit.
• De Animi Affectibus dissertations. Trajecti ad Rhenum, Typis Theodorie from Ackersdijck, & Gisberti a Zijll, 1650
• Hortus Academicus Ultrajectinus. Trajecti, 1650
• Philosophia Naturalis, Ed. 2a, amstelodami, apud Ludovicium Elzevirium, 1654
• Brevis Explicatio Mentis Humanae, immersive animae rationalis; antea publico examini proposita, et deinde opera Henry VIII. Regii nonnihil dilucidata, et al notis cartesii vindicata; ( Ed. postrema auctior et emendatior, ad calumviarum rejectionem, nunc evulgata ). Trajecti ad Rhenum, Typis Theodorie from Ackersdijck & Gisberti a Zijll, 1657
• Practice Medica, Medicationem Exemplis Demonstrata. Edditio secunda, priority multo locupletior & emendatior. Trajecti ad Rhenum, 1657 Ed. 2a
• Henrici Regii Ultrajectini Medicinae Libri IV Editio secunda, Priore locupletior & emendatior. Trajecti ad Rhenum, Typis Theodori from Ackersdijck, & Gisberti à Zijll, (2nd printing of the " Fundamenta Physices ", 1646, 3rd printing 1668)
• Henrici Regii Ultrajectini Conciliato locorum S. Sccripturae Cum Diurna & Annua Telluris Circumrotatione. Trajecti ad Rhenum, Typis Theodorie from Ackersdijck, & Gisberti à Zijll, 1658
• Epistola ad Henrici Regii V.Cl. Clerselierum, JCtum Parisienensem. Trajecti ad Rhenum, Typis Theodorie from Ackersdijck, & Gisberti à Zijll, 1661
• Philosophia Naturalis In Qua Tota Rerum Universitas, By Clara Et Facilia Principia, Explanatur.Editio 3a, cum eff. et cart. Amselodami, apud Ludovicium et Dan. Elzevirium, 1661 ( With portrait of the author by Bloemaert )
• H. Regii Medicina et practice Medica, Medicationem Exemplis Demonstrata. Editio 3a. , Prioribus locupletior emendatior, Frankfurti ad Rhenum, 1668
• Philosophy Naturelle de Henri le Roy. Traduite de latin en francois, Utrecht, chez Rodolphe van Zijll, 1687

Swell

• Horst B. Hohn: De Animi Affectibus 1650 Henricus Regius and its relationship to contemporary philosophers. Cologne Medical Historical Contributions, 1990
• Marinus Johannes Antonie de Vrijer: Henricus Regius - Een cartesiaansch hoogleraar aan de Utrechtsche hogeschool. 1917
• Klaus Dechange: The early natural philosophy of Henricus Regius (Utrecht 1641). Dissertation Münster 1966, Institute for the History of Medicine