Hepevirus
The Hepeviridae family includes a single genus Hepevirus that was originally assigned as " Hepatitis E -like viruses" of the Caliciviridae family. The mono- generic family Hepeviridae was introduced only in 2006 taxonomically. As a prototype of the family is the human pathogen hepatitis E virus (HEV ). Whether some viruses such as the avian represent hepatitis E virus own species or subspecies only the HEV are, is not yet finally settled.
The Hepeviridae are non-enveloped viruses with a single-stranded, linear RNA with positive polarity.
Morphology
The virus particles of Hepeviridae appear in the TEM approximately 27 to 34 nm in diameter in size. The particles are non-enveloped icosahedral capsids with probable symmetry. Main component of the capsid is the major core protein CP (72 kDa ), which is probably cleaved only by proteases prior to the assembly of the capsids. Antibody to another structural protein of 1.5 kDa in size were found in infected hosts. The function of this protein is unknown. The morphology of the particles reasonable proximity to the Caliciviridae.
The RNA genome of the Hepeviridae is arranged linearly in three open reading frames ( ORF), wherein the first non - structural proteins with the viral polymerase, helicase, protease and replicative proteins coded. ORF 2 encodes the major core protein CP. ORF 2 is partly overlapping ORF 3, which encodes a phosphoprotein of unknown function.
Biological Properties
The human pathogen HEV is the causative agent of a form of fecal-oral transmitted hepatitis that occurs sporadically or with major outbreaks during the flooding in Southeast Asia. Antibodies against the HEV could be found in many animals, so that the assumption of data transmitted from animals to humans infection ( zoonosis ) was expressed. There are, however, eg in pigs and birds own isolates of the virus, which can be clearly distinguished from the human subtypes. Experimentally, the subtype -3 HEV is transmitted from pigs to primates.
System
- Family Hepeviridae
- Genus Hepevirus
- Species hepatitis E virus (HEV)
- Subtype avian hepatitis E virus ( ahev )
- Subtype of hepatitis E virus isolate Rhesus
- Subtype hepatitis E virus type 1 Burma ( HEV -1)
- Subtype hepatitis E virus isolate Mexico ( HEV -2)
- Subtype of hepatitis E virus isolate Myanmar
- Subtype hepatitis E virus isolate Pakistan
- Subtype hepatitis E virus type 4 ( HEV 4)
- Subtype Porcine hepatitis E virus (PHEV )
- Big liver and spleen disease subtype virus ( BLSV ) Host: Galliformes