Hieronymus David Gaubius
Hieronymus David Gaub (also: Gaubius, dormer; * February 24, 1705 in Heidelberg, † November 29, 1780 in Leiden ) was a German physician and chemist.
Life
Gaub was born into a wealthy Protestant family. His father was the Hatter and oldest church leaders Johann Christoph Gaub and his mother's name was Anna Katharina ( widowed nail ). He had received his first education at the Catholic Jesuit school in his hometown. For religious reasons, the father wished that Jerome David to continue his education in Halle (Saale ) in August Hermann Francke at the orphanage school. The strict upbringing in Hall aroused anything other than an interest to develop his intellectual mind installations continue at Gaub. So Franke judged later to the Father, he would be used only to the merchant and do not own talents to pursue an academic career.
Therefore, his father decided to send him to Amsterdam, where the uncle of Jerome David, John Gaub served as city physician. From this an interest in the medical sciences was awakened in the young Gaub. With the consent of his father, he began a study of the medical sciences at the University of Harderwijk. Here he had to enroll on June 1, 1722 had visited the local lectures and especially those of Bartholomaeus de Moor ( 1649-1724 ). A year later he moved to the University of Leiden, where the former European center of medicine established. His teachers were the great Herman Boerhaave, Hermannus Oosterdijk shaft, Bernhard Siegfried Albinus and David van Royen.
Through his zeal, he gained the respect of his teachers and was dearest disciple of Boerhaave. Under Boerhaave he received his Ph.D. on August 24, 1725 Doctor of Medicine with the treatise Dissertatio, qua idea why corporis humani generalis solo partium exhibetur. This treatise, in which he railed against the animism and the pre-established harmony of Georg Ernst Stahl, would later appear in print. After his graduation, he went for a year to Paris, where he continued his clinical studies. After a short stay in Strasbourg and Heidelberg he returned to Holland. He settled on the advice of his uncle in Deventer, where he was appointed town physician.
The outbreak of a deadly epidemic in 1727 in Amsterdam led the authorities to appoint Gaub there. Here he found the opportunity to show its practical and scientific opportunities and could justify the trust placed in him well. Its use in Amsterdam in 1730 had an appointment as successor Boerhaave, professor of chemistry result. That office he entered May 21, 1731 with the speech Oratio, qua ostenditur, Chemiam artibus academicis jure eat at. On September 20, 1734, he was named professor of medical pathology. Since 1764 he is no longer taught in chemistry. He remained director of the chemical laboratory, even after Gualtherus van Doeveren had come as a professor in Leiden.
In 1760 he became the personal physician of Prince William V of Orange. His reputation was so great that the Russian Tsarina Elisabeth him in vain tried to gain personal physician. In addition, he also participated in the organizational tasks of the Leiden University and was in the years 1746/47 1762 /63 1774/75 Rector of the Alma Mater. In laying down these offices he held the first two times a speech De regimine mentis est quod medicorum (published 1764) and the last time on February 9, 1775 De admirable andis divinae providentiae documentis in condenda, tuenda et amplificanda Academia Lugduno - Batava. On May 20, 1775, he was given emeritus status for reasons of age of the curators of Leiden University from his professorship.
Work
Gaub, Boerhaave as a student, was trained with extensive chemical, physical and medical knowledge. He was able to free himself from the relatively one-sidedness of the animistic, chemical and physical teachings of his time and kept so a possible independent and own judgment. He was one of the first who used the doctrine of irritability of Albrecht von Haller for the interpretation of physiological and pathological processes. So he explained the physiological and pathological processes animistic, after the chemical knowledge of his time, on the basis of that knowledge of mathematics and physics. No mention is not to be, that he accepted the steel animation apprenticeship as vitalism, the unclear and blurred appears from a modern perspective and does not lead to unity in their basic versions.
His lectures on chemistry and medicine were highly appreciated in his time. With his students he led in his laboratory by a number of studies, such as a variety of academic dissertations proves. For example, he examined the water of the North Sea along the coast, was concerned with the volatility of essential oils ( as discovered the menthol in peppermint oil) and examined the medical use of zinc oxide. He put a chlorine in the fight against the plague and used this when cleaning pestverseuchter rooms and houses.
In addition, he had also dealt with the study of lower animals, such as his translation of John Swammerdam Bijbel the Natuur of history of insects ( freely translated German: Bible of the nature and history of the insects ) shows and led to a slide collection, which was sold after his death. His main work is the Institutiones pathologiae medicinalis, the 1758-1784 eleven new editions, in French and German language experienced.
Works
- Dissertatio de inauguralis SOLIDIS humani corporis partibus. Leiden 1725
- De vana vitae longae a chemicis promissa exspectatione. Leiden 1734
- Libellus De methodo Concinnandi Formulas Medicamentorum. Lugduni Batavorum. Apud Conradum Wishoff, 1739 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf
- Libellus de methodological concinnandi formulas medicamentorum. Leiden 1739, 1752, 1785, Paris 1749
- Institutiones pathologiae medicinalis. Leiden 1758, Leipzig 1759, suffering 1763rd 8o. Venet. 1766, Leiden 1776, 1781, Vienna 1781, Nuremberg 1787, Paris 1770 ( in French), 1781 Zurich ( in German ), Berlin 1784
- De regimine Mentis, quod est Medicorum. Leiden 1764
- Oratio panegyrica in auspicium seculi tertii Academiae Lugduno - Batavae 1775. Leiden, 1775, ( in the Dutch language translated by P. van den Bosch) Leiden 1775
- Adversaria Varii argument. Leiden 1779
- Opuscula Academica omnia. Leiden 1787
- Bijbel the Natuur, of history of insects. Leiden 1737 ( Dutch translation of John Swammerdam )