High diving

Cliff jumping ( eng.: Cliff -Diving, High Diving ) is a sport in which athletes jump from cliffs from ten meters in waters. It combines techniques of high diving with the requirements set by the great outdoors to the athletes.

Competitions

Since 1997, international competitions are held in this sport. Here it is as difficult as possible in the water jumping figures in the air to show before then immersed possible spritzerlos. As with the water jumping the characters from screws and Salti set ( forward and reverse) together. In contrast to the water jump, however, dipped almost exclusively with the arms ahead and applied feet, as the immersion head of the muscles in the neck and shoulder with multiple jumps per day for highly stressed.

In order to offer the jumpers safe conditions during the competitions are constantly rescue divers near the immersion area.

With the famous cliff diving from Acapulco, the sport has very little in common: Secure and overhanging jump platforms, and a sufficient depth of water is a prerequisite in order to try the many somersaults and screws at all.

Years of training in the water jump is a prerequisite for being able to do this sport with an acceptable risk of injury. The jump heights move on European competition level 13-22 meters. In Worldcup events is bounded from up to 28 meters, with five contest judges ( or not executed completely wrong jump) to 10 ( perfect jump) assigned scores of 0. As one of the most successful Klipspringer in recent years is considered the former Columbian Art and diver Orlando Duque, who was able to win three world championship titles. Current world champion and holder of the world record points ( 168 points ) is Russia's Artem Silchenko.

In the popular cliff jumping is courageous, mostly young men try jumping into water. The security here is often on the route: It is bounded in risky shoals of slippery jumps and uncontrolled far forward.

World cup

Only since 2013 High Diving discipline of the World Swimming Championships, hosted by the World Swimming Federation FINA. July 31, 2013 Men's 27 m women 20 meters down into the water - In Barcelona 29 jumped. From 6 women won Cesilie Carlton (USA) the world title, Under 14 men was Orlando Duque from Colombia High Dive World Champion.

Acapulco cliff diving

The sport was known by in Acapulco, Mexico, a small rocky La Quebrada. Originally operating as pearl divers men and women today show plunges into the Pacific as a tourist attraction. It is shrouded in many legends about a jump from what height there: In Inscribed on the top 36 meters, but many speak of 41 meters. In fact, the highest level at 85 ft. or 25.90 meters. Because the rocks are not overhanging, the main danger is not to jump far enough forward ( about 8 m). The water depth is reasonably certain only at high tide.

Gumpenspringen in Bavaria

In Bavaria, in particular in the Allgäu region, has become the term " Gumpenspringen " or " Gumpenjucken " firmly established itself as a synonym for the cliff jumping. This extreme sport is enjoying great popularity there so that the Bavarian Radio aired a program about it: "We in Bavaria - Gumpenspringen to the Buchegger waterfalls ". The highest jump location there is a good 30 feet above the water. Other popular places are the jump Ammer breakdown ( Scheibum ) at Saulgrub and the pools at Sylvensteinspeicher.

Landmarks

Famous cliffs for the practice of sport are:

Physics

A cliff diver shoots after a jump from 10 meters thanks to gravity at just 50 km / h into the water. Within a few tenths of a second then reduces its speed through impact, flow resistance, buoyancy and last swimming motion to zero. This delay occurs at about the negative 3 times the acceleration of gravity. Velvet of the compensation of the body weight thus act from the surrounding water on the skin surface forces of a sum in the 4- times the body weight in humans.

The hop duration, ie calculated as ideal free fall without the effect of air resistance is for h = 10 m in height according to the formula

The immersion speed so calculated as ideal free fall without the effect of air resistance is

The factor 3.6 comes from the fact that an hour has 3600 seconds and one kilometers in 1000 meters. A jump from 20 m height takes about 2 seconds until the toes from entering the water. At 27.5 meters jump height not exceeding 84 km / h are reached within 2.5 s after the above formula. With free case and taking a stable, transverse to the case aligned position with arms and legs spread, the case limit speed of the human body of about 55 m / s ( about 198 km / h) would be reached after about 7 seconds, see near-Earth free case.

Bridges

Bridges are located on the grounds of topology, the position of the artery, flood protection, the tidal range or the free passage height for ship traffic a certain height above the water level of the water below. Typical of the Danube in Austria are overhead clearance of at least 7.50 m. Which of the Nibelungen Bridge (Linz) jumps falls into total structural height up OK sidewalk (estimated 4.5 to 5 m) plus headroom ( 7.52 m at standard level according DoRIS ) that is more than 12 m and thus dangerous cliff jump height. In the murky waters of a foreign body can not be identified, the water depth is rarely known, not only on the Danube, nor the threat, by the flow under -standing ( scale, anchored ) or propelled ships - to be drawn - with propeller.