Hinterland

Hinterland is a term used in human geography in different contexts.

Human Geography

In human geography and political geography, it involves a rural area, which is upstream of major cities or catchment areas and is inhabited only by very few people. Most hinterland is characterized by a reduced infrastructure. Examples are: Hessian Hinterland / hinterland circle; Hinterland rail (Thuringia ); District hinterland ( Switzerland ).

→ see also: Peripherals

Political Geography

The term comes from the former colonial international law, a part of international law in the 19th and early 20th century, it refers to the part of the country was meant, in which the state authority already has access, but without being lawfully been subjected. This was mostly the interior behind the first conquered or purchased coastline.

In the era of discovery age in the 15th and 16th centuries, the occupation of the whole continent, or the entire island was inferred from the occupation of a point on the coast.

International law has been developed so far in the sequence, as one could speak of territorial jurisdiction only where actual state authority was exercised, for example, by investing at stations. The hinterland could get beyond just there as a colonial territory into account, where it was stateless territory or customary in the Imperial Age sphere of interest.

The German -language term " hinterland " has become - whether for lack of linguistic correspondence, or by the administration of imperial Monarchy - also established in northern Italy; so, for example, the rural surroundings of the metropolitan area of Milan is also known in Italian as " hinterland ". In France, Le hinterland refers to a region of Brittany. In Australia, it is in areas which are at a greater distance from the coast, in contrast to the vast areas in the interior of the name ( " Outback ").

→ see also: Coastline country

Transport Geography

In the Transport Geography, these are to the continental catchment area of ​​a commercial port. For the transport logistics the link quality of a commercial port with its hinterland is a key indicator of the performance of a commercial port. Thus, the northern European and Adriatic ports therefore to powerful hinterland connections (especially railways and highways ) are interested to further transport the goods handled in the port in the greatest possible number of pieces.

Through various TEN transport infrastructure projects is therefore invested in the expansion of these compounds, such as

• In the area of the Lower Rhine: the Betuweroute and the railway line Iron Rhine
• For the North German ports: the Y- path
• For the North Adriatic ports: the railway line Trieste / Koper - Divača - Ljubljana ( kuk Southern Railway ) and the Pontebbana railway line ( Venedig/Triest- ) Udine - Villach, and not least the Brenner railway.

The English, French, Italian and Spanish languages ​​use the terms "the hinterland " ( behind a commercial port ) " le hinterland " and " el hinterland " without their own equivalents.

Military Geography

In the Military Geography hinterland refers to the location behind a war front area (see also: Section ). In a broader sense it extended the term propaganda to the population of the sending State in the war structure of, of which one is moral and material support promised (see also: home front ).