Hisor

Hisor ( tadschik. Ҳисор - Chisor; Russian Гиссар - Gissar ) is a city in Tajikistan with a population of 23,000. It is located about 25 km west of the capital, Dushanbe. The city is the center of the Rajons hisor

Geography

The city is named after her in the densely populated and fertile Hissar valley at about 800-825 m above sea level. NN. The climate is strongly continental. Is Bathed the city from the river Chanaka, a tributary of the Kafirnigan. The whole city area covers about 9.6 square kilometers.

History

In prehistoric times up to about 2000 BC, the area was inhabited by hisor of carriers of the Hissar culture, a late Neolithic culture group, which was widespread in the valleys of the Kafirnigan and the Vakhsh in southwestern Tajikistan.

In the 18th and 19th century the village belonged to the sphere of influence of the Emirate of Bukhara (Eastern Bukhara), whose sovereigns had built a large fortress here. This was conquered in 1921 by the Red Army.

In 1929 hisor was at the railway line Dushanbe - Termez connected. The corresponding station was named " Chanaka ".

It was only on 26 June 1991 after the country's independence Tajikistan hisor received its town charter and became the center of Rajons same name. In 2005 the site was restructured as a town-like settlement ( шахрак ).

Attractions

The most striking building in the city is the old fortress. It was built as a summer residence of the emirs of Bukhara in the 18th century and greatly expanded in the 19th century. Today it consists of two high hills. Good condition is the fortress wall, which is up to one meter thick and contains loopholes, and the large gate. This comprises two conical towers that frame the entrance arch.

Before the entrance of the fortress is the Registan. The other side of the square is occupied by two madrasas, an older two-storey 18th and a younger but now largely destroyed in the 19th century. The old medrese has a large courtyard, where the inputs to the cell-like spaces ( chudschr ) are located. Until the beginning of the 20th century here around 100 to 150 students were taught the Koran. Today, the older of the two madrasas houses a small museum where local garments, ceramics and jewelry is issued, and a library. Behind the madrassas is the mausoleum of Machtumi Azam (pers. for Great Master ), an Islamic teacher of the 16th century. This is probably the Hodja Mohammed Chaivoki.

Another important building is the Sangin mosque, a stone sacred building from the 12th to the 16th century.