Histone H3

  • OMIM: 601 058
  • UniProt: P84243

Histone H3 is one of the five main histone proteins of the chromatin in eukaryotic cells. Consisting of a main globular domain and a long N -terminal end, it plays a role in the structure of nucleosomes and thus the " string of beads " structure of chromatin.

The N- terminus of the histone H3 protrudes out of the spherical core of the Nukleosomes and can be changed by various epigenetic modifications. These histone modifications are covalent attachments from methyl or acetyl groups on the amino acids lysine and arginine, and the phosphorylation of serine or threonine. Methylation of lysine 9 is associated with gene silencing (see HP1 ), the so-called " gene silencing " and the formation of relatively inactive regions of DNA, known as heterochromatin. The acetylation of histone H3 is under the influence of the enzyme family of histone acetyltransferases (HAT) at different positions on the lysine Histonende instead. The acetylation of lysine 14 is held in actively transcribed gene regions often.

Human Genome Organisation Epigenetics Nucleic Acids Research PubMed Central Digital Object Identifier Histone H1 Histone H4
393431
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